In-crisis delivery rate: a novel measure of success in communal water management

In-crisis delivery rate: a novel measure of success in communal water management
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危机中的供水率:公共水管理成功的新衡量标准

DOI:
10.1007/s10333-012-0341-3
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
2.2
通讯作者:
Zheng X
Zheng X
中科院分区:
农林科学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Takahashi T;Aizaki H;Sato T;Guo N;Nakashima Y;Ogawa S;Yamada N;Zheng X

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在讨论成功灌溉管理要求的众多研究中,很少有人密切关注当供水变得极少时实际会发生什么。文献中的这种疏忽是不幸的,因为这正是管理至关重要的时候。为了了解在严重缺水时期灌溉管理的成败,作者于2010年2月在中国云南省一个干旱水稻种植区的四条主要灌溉渠道进行了紧急田野调查。另外,对2009年2月和2010年2月的四个村庄的卫星图像进行了联合分析,以得出一个村庄在水管理方面取得成功的新指标。这一指标被称为危机期间供水率,它比较了正常年份和干旱年份之间的供水量,并直接评估了危机期间的水资源管理绩效。结果导致了一个意想不到的发现,与通常的预期相反,本研究中唯一部署了传统土质渠道的村庄在整个干旱期间获得的水量比那些采用混凝土衬砌渠道的村庄多得多。据推测,土质渠道的维修工作是劳动密集型的,而不是资本密集型的,因此能够灵活地运作,因此在熟练的管理团队下具有相对优势。这一结果证实了日常维护工作的重要性,在水道现代化后,维护工作往往较少发生。
Of the plethora of studies that discuss requirements for successful irrigation management, few pay close attention to what actually happens when the supply of water becomes extremely low. Such an oversight in the literature is unfortunate, because this is precisely when management matters. To understand what separates success from failure in irrigation management at times of critical water shortages, the authors conducted emergency fieldwork in February 2010 along four major irrigation channels in a drought-stricken rice-growing area within the Chinese province of Yunnan. Separately, satellite images of the four villages dated February 2009 and February 2010 were jointly analysed to produce a novel indicator for a village’s success in water management. Called the in-crisis delivery rate, this indicator compares water delivery between normal and drought years and directly evaluates performance in water management during crisis periods. The results led to an unexpected discovery that, contrary to common expectations, the only village of the present study that deployed a traditional earthen water channel secured substantially more water throughout the drought period than those with concrete-lined channels. It is hypothesised that the labour intensive, rather than capital intensive, nature of repair work of the earthen channel enabled flexible operations, and hence had the comparative advantage under a skilled management team. This result confirms the importance of daily maintenance work, which tends to occur less often after modernisation of water paths.
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