VERICONDOR

VERICONDOR
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维康多

DOI:
10.1145/3488932.3497758
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
--
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
Harrison L
Harrison L
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作者:
Harrison L

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孔多塞投票,最早由孔多塞侯爵在18世纪提出,选择一个获胜者的选举作为一个简单的多数击败其他所有候选人。根据孔多塞的标准,孔多塞赢家是多候选人选举中的社会最优选择。然而,尽管这种投票系统在社会选择理论中至关重要,但它并没有在实际应用中得到广泛应用。这部分是由于复杂的计票程序,而且几个候选人可能会打成平手。在真实的世界中提供在线孔多塞投票服务的现有系统试图通过以数字形式收集和清点孔多塞选票来加速清点过程。然而,他们要求选民完全信任服务器。在本文中,我们提出了VERICONDO,第一个端到端的可验证的孔多塞电子投票系统,没有任何理货当局。我们的系统允许选民充分验证计票的完整性,而无需涉及任何值得信赖的计票机构,并为选票保密提供强有力的保护。我们工作中的一个主要挑战在于证明加密选票的格式良好,同时能够以公开可验证但保护隐私的方式统计选票。我们克服了这一挑战,采用成对比较矩阵,并应用一种新的矢量和技术,以实现卓越的效率。每次投票的总计算成本是O(n2),其中n是候选人的数量。考虑到使用n x n矩阵来记录孔多塞选票,这可能是人们所希望的最佳结果。在领带的情况下,我们展示了如何应用已知的孔多塞方法,以公开验证的方式打破领带。最后,我们提出了一个原型实现和基准测试的性能,以显示我们的系统的可行性。
Condorcet voting, first proposed by Marquis de Condorcet in the 18th century, chooses a winner of an election as one that defeats every other candidate by a simple majority. According to Condorcet's criterion, a Condorcet winner is the socially optimal choice in a multi-candidate election. However, despite the crucial importance of this voting system in social-choice theory, it has not been widely used in practical applications. This is partly due to the complex tallying procedure, and also the fact that several candidates may form a tie. Existing systems that provide online Condorcet voting services in the real world try to speed up the tallying process by collecting and tallying Condorcet ballots in a digital form. However, they require voters to completely trust the server. In this paper, we propose VERICONDO, the first end-to-end verifiable Condorcet e-voting system without any tallying authorities. Our system allows a voter to fully verify the tallying integrity without involving any trustworthy tallying authorities and provides strong protection of the ballot secrecy. One main challenge in our work lies in proving the well-formedness of an encrypted ballot while being able to tally the ballots in a publicly verifiable yet privacy-preserving manner. We overcome this challenge by adopting a pairwise comparison matrix and applying a novel vector-sum technique to achieve exceptional efficiency. The overall computational cost per ballot is O (n2) where n is the number of candidates. This is probably the best that one may hope for given the use of a n x n matrix to record a Condorcet ballot. In case of a tie, we show how to apply known Condorcet methods to break the tie in a publicly verifiable manner. Finally, we present a prototype implementation and benchmark performance to show the feasibility of our system.
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