Revisiting the functional significance of binocular cues for perceiving motion-in-depth.
Revisiting the functional significance of binocular cues for perceiving motion-in-depth.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-018-05918-7
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发表时间：
2018-08-29
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Norcia AM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kohler PJ;Meredith WJ;Norcia AM
感知深度关系所需的空间线索的双眼差异与对相应视网膜图像位移的敏感性降低相关。然而，对比度信号的双眼总和增加了灵敏度。在这里，我们调查了这种分歧的敏感性，通过直接神经测量的反应阈上运动在人类成年人和5个月大的婴儿使用稳态视觉诱发电位。视网膜图像运动的眼间差异产生抑制的响应函数和相应的感知阈值相比，运动匹配的两只眼睛。这种抑制对于水平和垂直运动具有相同的强度，因此并不特定于深度运动的感知。抑制强烈依赖于图像中空间参考的存在，并且在婴儿中非常不成熟。抑制似乎是一系列的空间和interocularity操作，发生在一个中间处理阶段之前或平行于提取的运动在深度的表现。两只眼睛中相反的水平运动的存在是感知深度运动的线索，但也导致抑制运动敏感性。在这里，作者解决了这个矛盾，并表明，空间和眼间整合机制，从运动的提取不同的深度，驱动抑制。
Binocular differencing of spatial cues required for perceiving depth relationships is associated with decreased sensitivity to the corresponding retinal image displacements. However, binocular summation of contrast signals increases sensitivity. Here, we investigated this divergence in sensitivity by making direct neural measurements of responses to suprathreshold motion in human adults and 5-month-old infants using steady-state visually evoked potentials. Interocular differences in retinal image motion generated suppressed response functions and correspondingly elevated perceptual thresholds compared to motion matched between the two eyes. This suppression was of equal strength for horizontal and vertical motion and therefore not specific to the perception of motion-in-depth. Suppression is strongly dependent on the presence of spatial references in the image and highly immature in infants. Suppression appears to be the manifestation of a succession of spatial and interocular opponency operations that occur at an intermediate processing stage either before or in parallel with the extraction of motion-in-depth. The presence of opposite horizontal motion in the two eyes is a cue for perceiving motion-in-depth, but also leads to suppressed motion sensitivity. Here, the authors address this paradox and show that spatial and interocular integration mechanisms, distinct from the extraction of motion-in-depth, drive suppression.
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