Parental care results in a greater mutation load, for which it is also a phenotypic antidote
Parental care results in a greater mutation load, for which it is also a phenotypic antidote
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父母的照顾会导致更大的突变负荷，这也是一种表型解毒剂
DOI：
10.1101/2022.05.05.490718
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pascoal S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pascoal S
仁慈的社会行为，如父母的照顾，预计会放松对有害突变的选择，使它们能够持续下去。我们用埋葬甲虫Nicrophorus vespilloides实验测试了这一预测，它为它们的幼虫建造了一个可食用的巢穴，它们滋养和保护幼虫。对于20代，我们允许复制实验埋葬甲虫种群进化孵化后的照顾（“充分照顾”人口）或没有它（“无照顾”人口）。从这些实验种群中接种谱系，然后进行近交以暴露其突变负荷的差异。远交系作为对照。一半的血统接受孵化后的照顾，一半没有。我们发现，来自完全护理种群的近交系的繁殖成功率较低，并且比来自无护理种群的近交系灭绝得更快-但只有当后代没有得到孵化后的护理时。我们推断，全护理血统进行更多的隐性有害突变。当父母提供照顾时，发育环境足够良性，无论种群是否具有高突变负荷，育雏都具有较高的存活率。我们认为，增加突变负荷所造成的父母照顾增加了人口的依赖照顾。这可以解释为什么护理一旦进化就很少消失。
Benevolent social behaviours, such as parental care, are predicted to relax selection against deleterious mutations, enabling them to persist. We tested this prediction experimentally using burying beetlesNicrophorus vespilloides, which make an edible nest for their larvae, whom they nourish and defend. For 20 generations, we allowed replicate experimental burying beetle populations to evolve either with post-hatching care (‘Full Care’ populations) or without it (‘No Care’ populations). Lineages were seeded from these experimental populations and then inbred to expose differences in their mutation load. Outbred lineages served as controls. Half the lineages received post-hatching care, half did not. We found that inbred lineages derived from the Full Care populations had lower breeding success and went extinct more quickly than lineages derived from the No Care populations – but only when offspring received no post-hatching care. We infer that Full Care lineages carried more recessive deleterious mutations. When parents provided care, the developmental environment was sufficiently benign that broods had higher survival, whether the population had a high mutation load or not. We suggest that the increased mutation load caused by parental care increases a population’s dependence upon care. This could explain why care is seldom lost once it has evolved.
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