Exposure to childhood traumas ups the odds of giving birth to daughters.
Exposure to childhood traumas ups the odds of giving birth to daughters.
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遭受童年创伤会增加生女儿的几率。
DOI：
10.1007/s00737-013-0394-3
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Faraone,StephenV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kaitz,Marsha;Rokem,AnnMarie;Mankuta,David;Davidov,Maayan;Faraone,StephenV
本研究探讨了生下一个女儿的可能性，作为一个功能的妇女暴露于四类压力源：童年创伤，成人创伤，慢性压力源，和最近的（不利的）生活事件。假设1指出，最近发生的生活事件（怀孕前）和童年创伤会增加妇女生女孩的机会。假设2指出，压力和性别结果之间的关系是由持续的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状介导的。最终样本由225名女性组成。设计为前瞻性观察。在第一次接触时，如果妇女怀孕<27周并符合最初的入选标准，则保留她们。在27-30周的第2次访谈中，除了有或没有抑郁的PTSD外，还排除了焦虑症的阳性诊断的女性（DSM-IV疾病的结构化临床访谈）。在访谈3（30-34周）中，获得了关于压力类别（社会压力指标问卷）和PTSD症状（创伤后检查表）的报告。婴儿性别从医疗记录中获得。采用卡方检验和Logistic回归分析探讨应激类型与男、女婴儿分布的关系。调解是用宏观进程进行测试的（Hayes 2012）。童年创伤是唯一一种增加生女孩几率的压力类别，对于经历过两次以上此类事件的女性来说，比值比>3.0。PTSD症状（部分）介导的童年创伤和婴儿性别之间的关系。研究结果表明，女性暴露于童年创伤有助于确定出生时的性别比例，PTSD症状是原因的一部分。
This study examined the likelihood of giving birth to a daughter as a function of women's exposure to four categories of stressors: childhood trauma, adult trauma, chronic stressors, and recent (adverse) life events. Hypothesis 1 stated that exposure to recent life events (near conception) and to childhood traumas would increase women's chances of having a girl baby. Hypothesis 2 stated that the relationship between stress and gender outcome is mediated by persistent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. The final sample was comprised of 225 women. The design was prospective observational. At first contact, women were retained if they were <27 weeks pregnant and met initial inclusion criteria. In interview 2, at 27–30 weeks, women were excluded for positive diagnoses of anxiety disorders besides PTSD with or without depression (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Disorders). In interview 3 (30–34 weeks), reports on stress categories (Social Stress Indicator Questionnaire) and PTSD symptoms (Post-Traumatic Checklist) were obtained. Infant gender was obtained from medical records. The relationship between stress categories and the distribution of girl/boy infants was examined with Chi Squares and logistic regression analyses. Mediation was tested with the macro PROCESS (Hayes 2012). Childhood trauma was the only stress category that increased the odds of having a girl, with an odds ratio of >3.0 for women who had been exposed to more than two such events. PTSD symptoms (partially) mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and infant gender. Findings suggest that women's exposure to childhood trauma contributes to the determination of the sex ratio at birth and that PTSD symptoms are part of the cause.
纤连蛋白与链球菌的相互作用：纤连蛋白作为化脓性链球菌受体的作用。
DOI：
10.1093/clinids/9.supplement_4.s351
发表时间：
1987
期刊：
Reviews of infectious diseases
影响因子：
--
作者：
Simpson,WA;Courtney,HS;Ofek,I
通讯作者：
Ofek,I
针对纤连蛋白氨基末端区域中的脂质结合位点的杂交瘤抗体抑制链球菌脂磷壁酸的结合。
DOI：
10.1093/infdis/156.2.344
发表时间：
1987
期刊：
The Journal of infectious diseases
影响因子：
--
作者：
Stanislawski,L;Courtney,HS;Simpson,WA;Hasty,DL;Beachey,EH;Robert,L;Ofek,I
通讯作者：
Ofek,I
化脓性链球菌附着于哺乳动物细胞。
DOI：
10.1093/clinids/5.supplement_4.s670
发表时间：
1983
期刊：
Reviews of infectious diseases
影响因子：
--
作者：
Beachey,EH;Simpson,WA;Ofek,I;Hasty,DL;Dale,JB;Whitnack,E
通讯作者：
Whitnack,E