Aging Increases Prosocial Motivation for Effort.

Aging Increases Prosocial Motivation for Effort.
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DOI:
10.1177/0956797620975781
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发表时间:
2021-05
影响因子:
8.2
通讯作者:
Apps MAJ
Apps MAJ
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lockwood PL;Abdurahman A;Gabay AS;Drew D;Tamm M;Husain M;Apps MAJ

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社会凝聚力依赖于日益老龄化的人口的亲社会性。帮助他人需要努力,但人们有多愿意努力使自己和他人受益,以及这种行为是否会在一生中发生变化,人们对此知之甚少。使用计算模型,我们测试了年轻人(18-36岁)和老年人(55-84岁,n=187)努力为“自我”或“其他”受益行为的意愿。参与者选择是否工作和努力,(最大握力的30-70%)为奖励(2-10个学分)为自己或为他人积累。年轻的成年人有点自私,选择为自己付出更大的努力,与自利的工作相比,对亲社会的工作施加的压力较小。引人注目的是,与年轻人相比,老年人更愿意为他人付出努力,并为自己和他人施加同等的力量。老年人亲社会性的增加对人类行为和社会结构具有重要影响。
Social cohesion relies on prosociality in increasingly ageing populations. Helping others requires effort, yet how willing people are to exert effort to benefit ourselves and others, and whether such behaviours shift across the lifespan, is poorly understood. Using computational modelling we tested the willingness to exert effort into ‘self’ or ‘other’ benefitting acts in younger (age 18-36) and older adults (55-84, n=187). Participants chose whether to work and exert effort, (between 30-70% of maximum grip strength) for rewards (2-10 credits) accrued for themselves or prosocially for another. Younger adults were somewhat selfish, choosing to work more at higher effort levels for themselves, and exerted less force into prosocial, compared to self-benefitting, work. Strikingly, compared to younger adults, older people were more willing to put in effort for others and exerted equal force for self and other. Increased prosociality in older people has important implications for human behaviour and societal structure.
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