Ocean acidification accelerates reef bioerosion.

Ocean acidification accelerates reef bioerosion.
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海洋酸化加速了珊瑚礁的生物侵蚀。

DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0045124
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Freiwald A
Freiwald A
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wisshak M;Schönberg CH;Form A;Freiwald A

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在最近的讨论中,生物系统如何应对海洋领域二氧化碳分压(pCO2)迅速上升引起的海洋酸化,大量的研究致力于钙化剂,如石珊瑚。拮抗过程——通过生物侵蚀引起的碳酸盐溶解——在很大程度上被忽视了。与骨骼生长不同的是,我们认为在二氧化碳含量高的环境中,通过化学手段进行的生物侵蚀会更加容易。这项研究的重点是最有害的生物侵蚀者之一,海绵Cliona orientalis,它攻击并杀死澳大利亚大堡礁上的活珊瑚。实验表明,在更酸性的条件下,随着二氧化碳分压的增加,海绵的生物侵蚀能力显著增强。考虑到海绵对碳酸盐生物侵蚀的巨大贡献,这一发现意味着热带珊瑚礁生态系统正面临珊瑚钙化减弱和生物侵蚀加速的综合影响,导致生物成因碳酸盐积累和降解之间的动态平衡面临临界压力。
In the recent discussion how biotic systems may react to ocean acidification caused by the rapid rise in carbon dioxide partial pressure (pCO2) in the marine realm, substantial research is devoted to calcifiers such as stony corals. The antagonistic process – biologically induced carbonate dissolution via bioerosion – has largely been neglected. Unlike skeletal growth, we expect bioerosion by chemical means to be facilitated in a high-CO2 world. This study focuses on one of the most detrimental bioeroders, the sponge Cliona orientalis, which attacks and kills live corals on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef. Experimental exposure to lowered and elevated levels of pCO2 confirms a significant enforcement of the sponges’ bioerosion capacity with increasing pCO2 under more acidic conditions. Considering the substantial contribution of sponges to carbonate bioerosion, this finding implies that tropical reef ecosystems are facing the combined effects of weakened coral calcification and accelerated bioerosion, resulting in critical pressure on the dynamic balance between biogenic carbonate build-up and degradation.
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