Tying policy to system: Does the Ross Sea region marine reserve protect transport pathways connecting the life history of Antarctic toothfish?
Tying policy to system: Does the Ross Sea region marine reserve protect transport pathways connecting the life history of Antarctic toothfish?
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将政策与系统联系起来：罗斯海地区海洋保护区是否保护连接南极洋枪鱼生活史的运输通道？
DOI：
10.1016/j.marpol.2021.104903
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Zhu, Guoping
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ashford, Julian;Dinniman, Michael;Brooks, Cassandra;Wei, Lian;Zhu, Guoping
罗斯海地区海洋保护区的一个中心目标是保护对南极牙鱼(Dissostichus Mawsoni)生命周期重要的区域，这是一种顶级捕食性鱼类，也是该区域迄今为止最重要的商业物种。幼年牙鱼主要分布在内大陆架的深盆地中，而成鱼主要分布在太平洋-南极海脊的大陆坡和产卵区。内盆地通过冰川槽连接到大陆坡，沿每个槽的可预测输送导致在南极坡流向西流动时与其交换。从斜坡上，两条运输路径，一条来自伊塞林浅滩的东部通道和一条沿着东南印度洋海脊侧翼气旋转向的西部通道，向北连接到太平洋-南极海脊，在那里罗斯环流的北臂和南极绕极洋流向东流动。使用环流模型比较连接牙鱼生活史区域的运输路径，我们考虑了哪些近岸盆地对成鱼产卵群可能是最重要的；来自每个盆地的运输路径预计如何影响沿大陆坡和太平洋-南极海脊的分布；以及地带性运输路径如何促进向海洋保护区下游地区的出口。尽管MPA保护了牙鱼的一些关键生活史路径，但其他一些仍然容易受到商业捕捞的影响，我们认为，伊塞林浅滩、太平洋-南极海脊和阿蒙森海沿线邻近地区的那些可能受到有效的保护，讨论了一系列可用的政策工具。我们还建议在审议拟议的南大洋海洋保护区网络时考虑运输路径，在耳石中引入一种使用化学示踪剂的系统化工具，可以测试沿南极坡流和南极绕极流连接的地区之间牙鱼的运动情况。
A central objective of the Ross Sea region Marine Protected Area (MPA) is to protect areas important to the life cycle of Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni), a top fish predator and by far the region’s most important commercial species. Juvenile toothfish predominate in deep basins along the inner continental shelf, whereas adults are found mostly along the continental slope and spawning areas on the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge. The inner basins connect to the continental slope via glacial troughs and predictable transport along each trough results in exchange with the Antarctic Slope Current as it flows westward. From the slope, two transport pathways, an eastern one from Iselin Bank and a western one that turns cyclonically along the flank of the Southeast Indian Ridge, connect northward to the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge, where the northern arm of the Ross Gyre and the Antarctic Circumpolar Current flow eastward. Using a circulation model to compare transport pathways connecting toothfish life history areas, we consider which inshore basins are likely most important in contributing to adult spawning aggregations; how transport pathways from each may be expected to influence distributions along the continental slope and Pacific-Antarctic Ridge; and how zonal transport pathways may promote export to areas downstream of the marine reserve. Although the MPA protects some critical life history pathways for toothfish, others remain vulnerable to commercial fishing, and we argue that those in adjacent areas along the Iselin Bank, Pacific-Antarctic Ridge and the Amundsen Sea might usefully be protected, discussing the range of policy instruments available. We also recommend consideration of transport pathways in deliberations for a proposed network of Southern Ocean MPAs, introducing a system-based tool using chemical tracers in otoliths that can test for toothfish movement between areas connected along the Antarctic Slope Current and Antarctic Circumpolar Current.
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DOI：
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