Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of the Antarctic Toothfish, Dissostichus mawsoni, Using Mitochondrial and Microsatellite DNA Markers
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of the Antarctic Toothfish, Dissostichus mawsoni, Using Mitochondrial and Microsatellite DNA Markers
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使用线粒体和微卫星 DNA 标记研究南极齿鱼 Dissostichus mawsoni 的遗传多样性和种群结构
DOI：
10.3389/fmars.2021.666417
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hyuk Je Lee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hee;Jianqing Jang;S. Byeon;Y. Kim;D. Maschette;Sangdeok Chung;Seok;Hyun;Hyuk Je Lee
南极洋枪鱼（Dissostichus mawsoni）自1997年以来一直是南极大陆的宝贵渔业资源，由南极海洋生物资源保护委员会（CCAMLR）管理。虽然描述种群的遗传或资源结构对于改善该物种的渔业管理至关重要，但其遗传种群数量和遗传多样性水平仍然不明确。在本研究中，我们评估了人口的遗传和地理结构的南极洋枪鱼跨越20个地理位置从分区88（88.1，88.2和88.3）到分区58（58.4和58.5）通过使用线粒体DNA（mtDNA）细胞色素氧化酶I（COI）和16 S rRNA（16 S）序列和7个核微卫星位点。线粒体DNA的多态性水平较低（h = 0.571，π = 0.0006），在392个个体中有40个单倍型，仅由1-5个突变步骤连接，表明进化历史较浅。群体内的等位基因丰富度（AR）为6.328（88.3 RB 3）~ 7.274（88.3 RB 6）。58亚区的总体遗传多样性普遍高于88亚区，表明58亚区的有效种群规模（NE）较大。使用微卫星的群体分析结果表明，采样群体可能包含充分混合的单基因库（即，一个遗传种群），可能是由于高当代基因流发生在这条鱼的长期幼虫阶段。然而，由于弱，但显着的微卫星分化发现在6个群体对，存在多个遗传群体的可能性不能完全排除。mtDNA AMOVA分析表明88亚区和58亚区之间存在遗传断裂（FCT = 0.011，P = 0.004）。此外，随着地理距离的增加，种群之间的mtDNA遗传距离（FST）也成比例地增大。距离隔离（IBD）模式仅在mtDNA中出现，而在微卫星中没有，这可能表明mtDNA的NE仅为核DNA的1/4，因而种群分化或分化过程比微卫星快。D.遗传结构的时间稳定性。幼鱼和成鱼之间没有遗传分化的结果也表明了mawsoni。本研究的结果将有助于为这一宝贵的渔业资源设计有效的种群管理策略。我们建议，需要进行长期的遗传监测，以了解洋枪鱼的种群结构和动态，以应对持续的气候变化。
The Antarctic toothfish, Dissostichus mawsoni, serves as a valuable fishery resource around the Antarctic Continent since 1997, managed by the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR). Although delineating genetic or stock structure of populations is crucial for improving fishery management of this species, its number of genetic populations and genetic diversity levels remain ambiguous. In the present study, we assessed the population genetic and phylogeographic structure of the Antarctic toothfish across 20 geographic localities spanning from Subareas 88 (88.1, 88.2, and 88.3) to Subareas 58 (58.4 and 58.5) by using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and 16S rRNA (16S) sequences and seven nuclear microsatellite loci. MtDNA revealed a low level of polymorphism (h = 0.571, π = 0.0006) with 40 haplotypes in 392 individuals, connected only by 1–5 mutational steps, which is indicative of shallow evolutionary history. Microsatellites showed a range of allelic richness (AR) from 6.328 (88.3 RB3) to 7.274 (88.3 RB6) within populations. Overall genetic diversity was generally higher in Subareas 58 than in Subareas 88, suggesting that effective population size (NE) is larger in Subareas 58. The results of population analyses using microsatellites suggest that the sampled populations are likely to comprise a well-admixed single gene pool (i.e., one genetic stock), perhaps due to high contemporary gene flow occurring during the prolonged larval phase of this fish. However, given weak, but significant microsatellite differentiation found in six population-pairs, the possibility of existence of multiple genetic populations could not be completely excluded. The mtDNA AMOVA suggests a genetic break between the Subareas 88 and 58 groups (FCT = 0.011, P = 0.004). Moreover, mtDNA genetic distances (FST) between populations were proportionally greater as geographic distances increase. The patterns of isolation by distance (IBD) shown only in mtDNA, but not in microsatellites might suggest that population differentiation or divergence processes underwent faster in mtDNA than microsatellites, due to its NE being only one-quarter of nuclear DNA. Temporal stability in the genetic structure of D. mawsoni is also indicated by the results of no genetic differentiation between juveniles and adults. The findings of this study will help to design effective stock management strategies for this valuable fishery resource. We suggest that a long-term genetic monitoring is needed to understand the population structure and dynamics of toothfish in response to ongoing climate changes.
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影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Takezaki, Naoko;Nei, Masatoshi;Tamura, Koichiro
通讯作者：
Tamura, Koichiro
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Excoffier, Laurent;Lischer, Heidi E. L.
通讯作者：
Lischer, Heidi E. L.
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
A. Rogers;H. Harpending
通讯作者：
A. Rogers;H. Harpending
DOI：
10.1111/j.1471-8286.2005.01155.x
发表时间：
2006-03-01
期刊：
MOLECULAR ECOLOGY NOTES
影响因子：
--
作者：
Peakall, R;Smouse, PE
通讯作者：
Smouse, PE