Tactile Materials in Practice: Understanding the Experiences of Teachers of the Visually Impaired

Tactile Materials in Practice: Understanding the Experiences of Teachers of the Visually Impaired
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触觉材料的实践:了解视障教师的经验

DOI:
10.1145/3508364
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
2.4
通讯作者:
Azenkot, Shiri
Azenkot, Shiri
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Phutane, Mahika;Wright, Julie;Castro, Brenda Veronica;Shi, Lei;Stern, Simone R.;Lawson, Holly M.;Azenkot, Shiri

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视障教师定期向视障学生展示触觉材料(触觉图形、3D模型和真实的物体)。研究人员对设计支持触觉材料使用的工具越来越感兴趣,但我们仍然缺乏对触觉材料如何在实践中创建和使用的深入了解。为了解决这一差距,我们对21名TVIs进行了采访,并对其中8名进行了为期3周的日记研究。我们发现,触觉材料经常用于学术和非学术概念,如触觉识字,运动能力和空间意识。真实的物体和3D模型是触觉图形的“垫脚石”,我们的参与者更喜欢用3D模型进行教学,尽管他们发现很难创建,获得和修改。某些材料的使用也带来了社会影响;参与者选择的材料,培养学生的独立性,并允许课堂包容。我们贡献设计考虑,鼓励未来的工作触觉材料,使学生和TVI共同创造,促进快速原型,并促进运动和空间意识。为了支持这一领域的未来研究,我们的论文提供了对当前实践的基本理解。我们将这些做法与既定的教学方法联系起来,并强调这一重要类型的教育材料的增长机会。
Teachers of the visually impaired (TVIs)regularly present tactile materials (tactile graphics, 3D models, and real objects) to students with vision impairments. Researchers have been increasingly interested in designing tools to support the use of tactile materials, but we still lack an in-depth understanding of how tactile materials are created and used in practice today. To address this gap, we conducted interviews with 21 TVIs and a 3-week diary study with eight of them. We found that tactile materials were regularly used for academic as well as non-academic concepts like tactile literacy, motor ability, and spatial awareness. Real objects and 3D models served as “stepping stones” to tactile graphics and our participants preferred to teach with 3D models, despite finding them difficult to create, obtain, and modify. Use of certain materials also carried social implications; participants selected materials that fostered student independence and allow classroom inclusion. We contribute design considerations, encouraging future work on tactile materials to enable student and TVI co-creation, facilitate rapid prototyping, and promote movement and spatial awareness. To support future research in this area, our paper provides a fundamental understanding of current practices. We bridge these practices to established pedagogical approaches and highlight opportunities for growth regarding this important genre of educational materials.
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