Trophic control changes with season and nutrient loading in lakes

Trophic control changes with season and nutrient loading in lakes
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营养控制随季节和湖泊养分负荷而变化

DOI:
10.1111/ele.13532
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
8.8
通讯作者:
Symons, Celia C.
Symons, Celia C.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rogers, Tanya L.;Munch, Stephan B.;Stewart, Simon D.;Palkovacs, Eric P.;Giron‐Nava, Alfredo;Matsuzaki, Shin‐ichiro S.;Symons, Celia C.

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实验已经揭示了生态系统中自上而下和自下而上的控制,但可操作的实验在空间和时间尺度上受到限制。为了更细致地了解大尺度上的营养控制,我们探索了来自13个全球分布的湖泊的长期时间序列数据,并使用经验动态建模来量化湖泊内和湖泊间浮游动物和浮游植物之间随时间的相互作用强度。在所有湖泊中,自顶向下的效应与营养物质有关,从中营养型湖泊的负效应转变为低营养型湖泊的正效应。这一结果表明,在营养有限的系统中,浮游动物的营养循环超过了放牧压力。在单个湖泊中,结果与“季节重置”假设一致,即自上而下和自下而上的相互作用随季节而变化,并且在生长季节开始时都是最强的。因此,营养控制不是静态的,而是随着非生物条件的变化而变化的——只有在观察大的空间和时间尺度上的变化时,这种动态才变得明显。
Experiments have revealed much about top‐down and bottom‐up control in ecosystems, but manipulative experiments are limited in spatial and temporal scale. To obtain a more nuanced understanding of trophic control over large scales, we explored long‐term time‐series data from 13 globally distributed lakes and used empirical dynamic modelling to quantify interaction strengths between zooplankton and phytoplankton over time within and across lakes. Across all lakes, top‐down effects were associated with nutrients, switching from negative in mesotrophic lakes to positive in oligotrophic lakes. This result suggests that zooplankton nutrient recycling exceeds grazing pressure in nutrient‐limited systems. Within individual lakes, results were consistent with a ‘seasonal reset’ hypothesis in which top‐down and bottom‐up interactions varied seasonally and were both strongest at the beginning of the growing season. Thus, trophic control is not static, but varies with abiotic conditions – dynamics that only become evident when observing changes over large spatial and temporal scales.
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