Microplastics increase susceptibility of amphibian larvae to the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis.

Microplastics increase susceptibility of amphibian larvae to the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41598-021-01973-1
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发表时间:
2021-11-17
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Boyero L
Boyero L
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bosch J;Thumsová B;López-Rojo N;Pérez J;Alonso A;Fisher MC;Boyero L

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微塑料(MP)是一类对水生生物多样性构成威胁的新型污染物,日益受到全球关注。与此同时,引起壶菌病的两栖壶菌菌(Batrachochytrium dendrobatium)(Bd)正在世界范围内成为两栖动物的主要应激源。在这里,我们评估是否存在协同作用,这种传染病和MP污染之间的模仿自然接触的一个高度易感的物种(助产士蟾蜍,Alytes obstricans)与BD感染的水库物种(火蝾螈,蝾螈)的存在和不存在的MP。我们发现MP摄入以剂量依赖性方式增加Bd的感染负担。然而,MP积累在更大程度上没有暴露于BD的两栖动物,可能是由于BD损坏的蝌蚪口器干扰MP摄入。我们的实验方法表明,两个紧急过程,壶菌病和MP污染之间的相互作用引人注目,有必要进一步研究这些生物和非生物威胁两栖动物之间的潜在协同作用。
Microplastics (MPs), a new class of pollutants that pose a threat to aquatic biodiversity, are of increasing global concern. In tandem, the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) causing the disease chytridiomycosis is emerging worldwide as a major stressor to amphibians. We here assess whether synergies exist between this infectious disease and MP pollution by mimicking natural contact of a highly susceptible species (midwife toads, Alytes obstetricans) with a Bd-infected reservoir species (fire salamanders, Salamandra salamandra) in the presence and absence of MPs. We found that MP ingestion increases the burden of infection by Bd in a dose-dependent manner. However, MPs accumulated to a greater extent in amphibians that were not exposed to Bd, likely due to Bd-damaged tadpole mouthparts interfering with MP ingestion. Our experimental approach showed compelling interactions between two emergent processes, chytridiomycosis and MP pollution, necessitating further research into potential synergies between these biotic and abiotic threats to amphibians.
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