A genome-editing strategy to treat β-hemoglobinopathies that recapitulates a mutation associated with a benign genetic condition.

A genome-editing strategy to treat β-hemoglobinopathies that recapitulates a mutation associated with a benign genetic condition.
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DOI:
10.1038/nm.4170
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发表时间:
2016-09
期刊:
影响因子:
82.9
通讯作者:
Weiss MJ
Weiss MJ
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Traxler EA;Yao Y;Wang YD;Woodard KJ;Kurita R;Nakamura Y;Hughes JR;Hardison RC;Blobel GA;Li C;Weiss MJ

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由HBB (β-珠蛋白)基因突变引起的疾病,主要是镰状细胞病(SCD)和β-地中海贫血,在出生后会出现症状,因为来自两个旁系基因HBG1和HBG2的胎儿γ-珠蛋白表达下降,而成人β-珠蛋白增加,从而将红细胞(RBC)血红蛋白从胎儿(HbF, α2γ2)转移到成人(HbA, α2β2)。当产后维持胎儿γ-珠蛋白的表达时,这些疾病得到缓解。例如,在胎儿血红蛋白的遗传性持久性(HPFH)中,一种良性遗传条件,突变减弱γ-to-β转换,导致终生高水平的HbF表达。HPFH与β-地中海贫血或SCD突变共遗传可减轻其临床表现。在这里,我们对人类血液祖细胞进行了crispr - cas9介导的基因组编辑,使一个13个核苷酸的HBG1/HBG2启动子序列发生突变,从而重现了自然发生的hpfh相关突变。编辑过的祖细胞产生的红细胞HbF水平升高,足以抑制病理性缺氧诱导的SCD红细胞形态。我们的发现确定了基因组编辑介导的β -血红蛋白病治疗的潜在DNA靶标。
Disorders resulting from HBB (β-globin) gene mutations, mainly sickle cell disease (SCD) and β-thalassemia, become symptomatic postnatally as fetal γ-globin expression from two parologous genes HBG1 and HBG2 falls and adult β-globin increases, thereby shifting red blood cell (RBC) hemoglobin from the fetal (HbF, α2γ2) to adult form (HbA, α2β2). These disorders are alleviated when postnatal expression of fetal γ-globin is maintained. For example, in hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH), a benign genetic condition, mutations attenuate γ-to-β switching, causing high-level HbF expression throughout life. Co-inheritance of HPFH with β-thalassemia or SCD mutations alleviates their clinical manifestations. Here we performed CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing of human blood progenitors to mutate a 13-nucleotide HBG1/HBG2 promoter sequence, thereby recapitulating a naturally occurring HPFH-associated mutation. Edited progenitors produced RBCs with increased HbF levels that were sufficient to inhibit pathological hypoxia-induced RBC morphology of SCD. Our findings identify a potential DNA target for genome editing-mediated therapy of β–hemoglobinopathies.
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