Characterization of diced ridge waveguides in pure and Er-doped lithium-niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) substrates
Characterization of diced ridge waveguides in pure and Er-doped lithium-niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) substrates
复制标题
纯和掺铒绝缘体上铌酸锂 (LNOI) 基板中切割脊形波导的表征
DOI：
10.1117/12.2036270
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
W. Sohler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. E. Rüter;S. Suntsov;D. Kip;G. Stone;V. Dierolf;W. Sohler
绝缘体上锂氧化物（LNOI）是一种新型的集成光学材料平台，具有小弯曲半径、高强度、上级电光和非线性等特性。脊波导的不同宽度的纯和Er掺杂的LNOI基板上制造使用金刚石刀片切割，从而在光滑的侧壁具有较低的粗糙度相比，干蚀刻技术。利用光纤耦合装置和波长为1.5 μm的可调谐激光器，用法布里-珀罗法测量了偏振模的传输损耗。准TM（qTM）模的损耗值低至~1.4dBcm-1，而qTE模的损耗略高。使用拉曼和荧光光谱进行Er：LNOI脊的表征。使用扫描共聚焦显微镜和488 nm激光获得光谱扫描。除了可能归因于键合层中的内部应变和注入引起的缺陷的线加宽之外，拉曼光谱的分析表明波导和体材料之间没有显著差异。然而，Er发射的2 H11/2和4S 3/2到4 I15/2包含小的空间差异，在整个层的厚度相比，Er掺杂的体样品。虽然拉曼强度与泵浦功率具有线性关系，但是Er发射的强度在几mW的泵浦水平处已经开始饱和。用980 nm波长的光纤耦合激光器泵浦，研究了4 I13/2- 4 I15/2跃迁的荧光。发射峰展宽，最大发射峰向长波方向移动，这可能是由于注入引起的缺陷、LN-SiO2键合界面引起的应变以及荧光的再吸收所致。
Lithium-niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) is a new material platform for integrated optics allowing for small bending radii, high intensities and superior electro-optical and nonlinear properties. Ridge waveguides of different width are fabricated on pure and Er-doped LNOI substrates using diamond-blade dicing, resulting in smooth side walls with lower roughness when compared to dry etching techniques. Propagation losses for polarized modes are measured by the Fabry-Perot method using a fiber coupling setup and a tunable laser at 1.5 μm. Loss values as low as ~1.4dBcm-1were obtained for quasi-TM (qTM) modes, while losses for qTE modes are slightly higher. Characterization of Er:LNOI ridges is performed using Raman and fluorescence spectroscopy. Spectral scans are obtained using a scanning confocal microscope and a 488nm laser. Besides line broadening that may be attributed to internal strain in the bonded layer and implantation induced defects, analysis of Raman spectra shows no significant difference between waveguide and bulk material. However, Er emission of2H11/2and4S3/2to4I15/2contains small spatial differences across the layer thickness when compared to Er-doped bulk samples. While Raman intensity has a linear relationship with pump power, the intensity of the Er emission starts saturating already at pump levels of a few mW. To investigate fluorescence of the4I13/2–4I15/2transition inside the diced ridges, a fiber-coupled laser with wavelength 980nm is used for pumping. The emission is broadened and maxima are shifted to longer wavelengths, which may be attributed to defects induced by implantation, strain induced by the bonded LN-SiO2interface, and re-absorption of fluorescence light.
影响因子：
11
作者：
Poberaj, Gorazd;Hu, Hui;Guenter, Peter
通讯作者：
Guenter, Peter
Er:LiNbO3 中的质子交换、退火质子交换和反向质子交换波导
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1998
期刊：
Photonics West
影响因子：
--
作者：
A. Cino;S. R. Sanseverino;M. De Micheli;K. El Hadi;F. Cussó;G. Lifante
通讯作者：
G. Lifante