Myelin Repair: From Animal Models to Humans.
Myelin Repair: From Animal Models to Humans.
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DOI：
10.3389/fncel.2021.604865
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Durbec P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cayre M;Falque M;Mercier O;Magalon K;Durbec P
人们普遍认为大脑不会发生修复，但髓磷脂再生提供了相反的明确证据。自发性髓鞘再生可能发生在损伤后或多发性硬化症 (MS) 中。然而，髓鞘再生的效率在多发性硬化症患者之间以及每个患者的病变之间存在很大差异。髓磷脂修复对于最佳功能恢复至关重要，因此需要深入了解此过程中涉及的细胞和机制，以开发新的治疗策略。在这篇综述中，我们描述了动物模型和现代细胞追踪和成像方法如何帮助识别参与髓磷脂再生的细胞类型。除了 20 世纪 90 年代被鉴定为中枢神经系统 (CNS) 髓鞘再生细胞主要来源的少突胶质细胞祖细胞外，其他细胞群，包括室下区来源的神经祖细胞、施万细胞，甚至幸存的成熟少突胶质细胞，最近也成为中枢神经系统髓鞘再生的潜在贡献者。我们还将强调已知限制内源性修复的条件，例如衰老、慢性炎症和细胞外基质蛋白的产生，以及星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞在这些过程中的作用。最后，我们将介绍人类和啮齿动物观察结果之间的差异，讨论实验模型中的发现与人类髓磷脂修复的关系。从治疗的角度来看，这些考虑因素尤其重要。
It is widely thought that brain repair does not occur, but myelin regeneration provides clear evidence to the contrary. Spontaneous remyelination may occur after injury or in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the efficiency of remyelination varies considerably between MS patients and between the lesions of each patient. Myelin repair is essential for optimal functional recovery, so a profound understanding of the cells and mechanisms involved in this process is required for the development of new therapeutic strategies. In this review, we describe how animal models and modern cell tracing and imaging methods have helped to identify the cell types involved in myelin regeneration. In addition to the oligodendrocyte progenitor cells identified in the 1990s as the principal source of remyelinating cells in the central nervous system (CNS), other cell populations, including subventricular zone-derived neural progenitors, Schwann cells, and even spared mature oligodendrocytes, have more recently emerged as potential contributors to CNS remyelination. We will also highlight the conditions known to limit endogenous repair, such as aging, chronic inflammation, and the production of extracellular matrix proteins, and the role of astrocytes and microglia in these processes. Finally, we will present the discrepancies between observations in humans and in rodents, discussing the relationship of findings in experimental models to myelin repair in humans. These considerations are particularly important from a therapeutic standpoint.
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影响因子：
11.2
作者：
Bodini, Benedetta;Veronese, Mattia;Garcia-Lorenzo, Daniel;Battaglini, Marco;Poirion, Emilie;Chardain, Audrey;Freeman, Leorah;Louapre, Celine;Tchikviladze, Maya;Papeix, Caroline;Dolle, Frederic;Zalc, Bernard;Lubetzki, Catherine;Bottlaender, Michel;Turkheimer, Federico;Stankoff, Bruno
通讯作者：
Stankoff, Bruno
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Azim K;Angonin D;Marcy G;Pieropan F;Rivera A;Donega V;Cantù C;Williams G;Berninger B;Butt AM;Raineteau O
通讯作者：
Raineteau O
影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Baxi EG;DeBruin J;Jin J;Strasburger HJ;Smith MD;Orthmann-Murphy JL;Schott JT;Fairchild AN;Bergles DE;Calabresi PA
通讯作者：
Calabresi PA
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Albert, Monika;Antel, Jack;Stadelmann, Christine
通讯作者：
Stadelmann, Christine
DOI：
10.1093/jnen/62.7.723
发表时间：
2003-07-01
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Bo, L;Vedeler, CA;Mork, SJ
通讯作者：
Mork, SJ