Perception and decision mechanisms involved in average estimation of spatiotemporal ensembles
Perception and decision mechanisms involved in average estimation of spatiotemporal ensembles
复制标题
时空系综平均估计中涉及的感知和决策机制
作者：
Ryuto Yashiro;Hiromi Sato;Takumi Oide;I. Motoyoshi
许多关于纹理和整体感知的研究表明，人类可以立即估计空间分布的视觉信息的平均值。本研究的特点机制参与估计平均分布在空间和时间上的信息。观察者看到了一个快速序列的纹理图案，其中元素的方向是由动态高斯噪声与可变的空间和时间的标准偏差（SD）。我们发现，歧视阈值增加超过一定的空间SD，如果时间SD是小的，但如果时间SD是大的，阈值几乎保持不变，无论空间SD。这些数据与阈值由时空SD唯一确定的预测不一致。此外，反向相关分析表明，观察者判断时空的平均方向很大程度上取决于在纹理序列的最后几帧的空间平均方向-近因效应广泛观察到的知觉决策的研究。结果与视觉系统快速计算空间集合并随着时间的推移自适应地积累信息以做出时空平均决策的概念一致。基于这一概念的一个简单的计算模型成功地复制了观察到的数据。
A number of studies on texture and ensemble perception have shown that humans can immediately estimate the average of spatially distributed visual information. The present study characterized mechanisms involved in estimating averages for information distributed over both space and time. Observers viewed a rapid sequence of texture patterns in which elements’ orientation were determined by dynamic Gaussian noise with variable spatial and temporal standard deviations (SDs). We found that discrimination thresholds increased beyond a certain spatial SD if temporal SD was small, but if temporal SD was large, thresholds remained nearly constant regardless of spatial SD. These data are at odds with predictions that threshold is uniquely determined by spatiotemporal SD. Moreover, a reverse correlation analysis revealed that observers judged the spatiotemporal average orientation largely depending on the spatial average orientation over the last few frames of the texture sequence – a recency effect widely observed in studies of perceptual decision making. Results are consistent with the notion that the visual system rapidly computes spatial ensembles and adaptively accumulates information over time to make a decision on spatiotemporal average. A simple computational model based on this notion successfully replicated observed data.
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Cavanaugh, JR;Bair, W;Movshon, JA
通讯作者：
Movshon, JA
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Hubert-Wallander, Bjorn;Boynton, Geoffrey M.
通讯作者：
Boynton, Geoffrey M.
DOI：
10.1037/a0013899
发表时间：
2009-06
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Haberman, Jason;Whitney, David
通讯作者：
Whitney, David
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.93.2.628
发表时间：
1996-01-23
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Shadlen, MN;Newsome, WT
通讯作者：
Newsome, WT