Harnessing many-body spin environment for long coherence storage and high-fidelity single-shot qubit readout.

Harnessing many-body spin environment for long coherence storage and high-fidelity single-shot qubit readout.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-022-31618-4
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发表时间:
2022-07-13
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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--
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在混合固态量子系统中,与电子自旋量子位接口的核自旋被用作量子存储器或量子位寄存器,这一点越来越受到关注。这些方法需要长的核自旋相干性,由于电子自旋的破坏性效应,直到现在似乎是不可能的。在这里,我们研究InGaAs半导体量子点,展示毫秒长的集体核自旋相干性,即使在非均匀耦合到电子中心自旋。我们表明,退相干的基本机制是由波动的电子自旋引起的光谱扩散。这些结果提供了对中心自旋系统中多体相干性的新理解,这是电子-核自旋量子比特发展所必需的。作为演示,我们实现了一个条件门,将电子自旋状态编码到集体核自旋相干性上,并使用它以>99%的保真度单次读出电子自旋量子比特。基于耦合核自旋和电子自旋的混合量子器件提供了有前途的应用,但需要长的核自旋相干时间。在这里,作者演示了一个核自旋系综耦合到一个半导体量子点中的单电子自旋量子比特的毫秒相干时间。
There is a growing interest in hybrid solid-state quantum systems where nuclear spins, interfaced to the electron spin qubit, are used as quantum memory or qubit register. These approaches require long nuclear spin coherence, which until now seemed impossible owing to the disruptive effect of the electron spin. Here we study InGaAs semiconductor quantum dots, demonstrating millisecond-long collective nuclear spin coherence even under inhomogeneous coupling to the electron central spin. We show that the underlying decoherence mechanism is spectral diffusion induced by a fluctuating electron spin. These results provide new understanding of the many-body coherence in central spin systems, required for development of electron-nuclear spin qubits. As a demonstration, we implement a conditional gate that encodes electron spin state onto collective nuclear spin coherence, and use it for a single-shot readout of the electron spin qubit with >99% fidelity. Hybrid quantum devices based on coupled nuclear and electron spins offer promising applications, but require long nuclear spin coherence times. Here the authors demonstrate millisecond coherence times for a nuclear spin ensemble coupled to a single electron spin qubit in a semiconductor quantum dot.
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