Commentary on Culverhouse et al. (2014): How genomics can bring us towards health equity.
Commentary on Culverhouse et al. (2014): How genomics can bring us towards health equity.
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DOI：
10.1111/add.12529
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发表时间：
2014-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hutchison KE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Feldstein Ewing SW;Karoly H;Hutchison KE
Culverhouse及其同事运用一种复杂的荟萃分析方法，评估了两大欧洲裔美国人和非洲裔美国人样本（总N= 5171）中CHRNB3-CHRNA6变异与四种物质依赖（尼古丁、酒精、大麻、可卡因）之间的关系。他们的贡献的意义在于他们检查了非裔美国人和欧洲裔美国人人群中常见的等位基因（rs13273442），并且特定于尼古丁依赖，这是一种可改变的健康风险行为，具有广泛的公共卫生影响。这种评价是及时的；这是在美国卫生局局长发布吸烟与健康报告50周年纪念日（http://www）之后发布的。surgeongeneral。gov /图书馆/报告/ 50-years-of-progress / exec-summary。pdf)，该报告称，吸烟是美国人（每年）过早死亡的罪魁祸首，原因包括肺癌（87%）、肺病（61%）和冠心病（32%）。Culverhouse的数据也很重要，因为在不同种族/族裔群体中，烟草使用和相关健康结果存在健康差异。在青少年中发现了类似的模式(2)，与欧洲裔美国人相比，非洲裔美国成年人在面临更严重和持续的健康后果（例如肺癌）时，继续表现出更轻的烟草使用模式（3,4）。
Applying a sophisticated meta-analytic approach, Culverhouse and colleagues evaluated the association between CHRNB3-CHRNA6 variants and four types of substance dependence (nicotine, alcohol, cannabis, cocaine) across two large samples of European Americans and African Americans (total N= 5171)(1). The significance of their contribution is in their examination of an allele that is common across African American and European American populations (rs13273442), and specific to nicotine dependence, a modifiable health risk behavior that has widespread public health impact.This evaluation is timely; it comes on the heels of the 50th anniversary United States Surgeon General's Report on Smoking and Health (http://www. surgeongeneral. gov/library/reports/50-years-of-progress/exec-summary. pdf), which reported that smoking was responsible for> 480,000 premature American deaths (annually), as attributable to lung cancer (87%), pulmonary disease (61%), and coronary heart disease (32%). The Culverhouse data are also important in light of existing health disparities in tobacco use and related health outcomes across racial/ethnic groups. Mirroring patterns found among adolescents (2), compared with European Americans, African American adults continue to show much lighter patterns of tobacco use, in the face of much more severe and sustained health consequences (eg, lung cancer)(3, 4).
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