Fall nitrogen application increases seed yield, forage yield and nitrogen use efficiency more than spring nitrogen application in Leymus chinensis, a perennial grass
Fall nitrogen application increases seed yield, forage yield and nitrogen use efficiency more than spring nitrogen application in Leymus chinensis, a perennial grass
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对于多年生草本植物羊草来说，秋季施氮比春季施氮更能提高种子产量、牧草产量和氮肥利用效率
DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2017.08.022
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发表时间：
2017-12
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Chunsheng Mu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yujie Shi;Song Gao;Donghao Zhou;Mengxing Liu;Junfeng Wang;Johannes M.H. Knops;Chunsheng Mu
在种植系统中，努力用氮（N）肥料最大化种子或牧草产量是常见的。然而，只有有限的关注，调查氮肥在不同的季节，特别是多年生牧草，其种子生产需要两个或两个以上的生长季节。我们进行了为期两年的田间试验，以评估施氮时间（前一年秋季和当年春季）和施氮量（0，28和56 kg N ha-1 yr-1）对半干旱多年生牧草（Leymus chinensis）种子产量，牧草产量和氮利用效率的影响。结果表明，与春季施氮相比，前一年开花期秋季施氮显著提高了玉米种子产量、牧草产量、种子氮农学利用效率（s-aNUE）、牧草氮农学利用效率（f-aNUE）、种子氮生理利用效率（s-PE）和牧草氮生理利用效率（f-PE）。两年中，高施氮处理的种子产量和牧草产量均高于低施氮处理。施氮量对氮素利用效率的影响因年份和施氮时期而异。我们的结论是，在前一年的秋季施氮与种子产量和牧草产量增加的氮需求相匹配，这是一个最佳的选择，以实现更大的种子产量和牧草产量与高氮利用效率。我们的研究表明，在秋季施氮增加花序数量和秋季分蘖刺激花序和/或秋季分蘖的数量。未来的研究应侧重于确定每个生理阶段，控制种子和/或牧草产量的组成部分，限制资源。然后在每个生理阶段针对限制资源可以增加产量，并且对于多年生作物，调节种子和/或饲料产量构成的关键阶段可以在不同年份，正如我们发现的羊草。
Efforts to maximize seed or forage yield with nitrogen (N) fertilizer are common in cropping systems. However, only limited attention has been paid to investigate N fertilizer application in different seasons, especially for perennial grasses, whose seed production requires two or more growing seasons. We conducted a two-year field experiment to evaluate the impacts of N application timing (fall in previous year and spring in current year) and N application rate (0, 28 and 56 kg N ha−1yr−1) on seed yield, forage production and N use efficiency for a semi-arid, perennial grass (Leymus chinensis). As compared to the spring N application, we found that fall N application at the inflorescence stage in the previous year significantly increased seed yield, forage yield, seed agronomic N use efficiency (s-aNUE), forage agronomic N use efficiency (f-aNUE), seed physiological N use efficiency (s-PE) and forage physiological N use efficiency (f-PE). Seed yield and forage yield were both higher with high N-rate treatment as compared to low N-rate in both years. Nitrogen rate effects on N use efficiency indices varied with year and N-timing. We conclude that N application in the fall of the previous year matches N demand for increases in seed yield and forage yield and this is an optimum choice to achieve greater seed yield and forage yield with high N use efficiency. Our research implies that N application in the fall increases inflorescence number and fall tillers by stimulating inflorescence and/or fall tillers numbers. Future research should focus on determining for each physiological stage that control the seed and/or forage yield components, the limiting resource. Then targeting the limiting resource at each physiological stage can increase yield, and, for perennial crops, the key stages regulating seed and/or forage yield components can be in different years, as we found forLeymus chinensis.
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DOI：
10.1080/03015521.1987.10425529
发表时间：
1987
期刊：
New Zealand journal of experimental agriculture
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. Hampton
通讯作者：
J. Hampton
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
V. Satyanarayana;P. V. Vara Prasad;V. Murthy;K. Boote
通讯作者：
V. Satyanarayana;P. V. Vara Prasad;V. Murthy;K. Boote
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
BAETHGEN, WE;CHRISTIANSON, CB;LAMOTHE, AG
通讯作者：
LAMOTHE, AG
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Young, WC;Chilcote, DO;Youngberg, HW
通讯作者：
Youngberg, HW
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
J. Hampton;T. G. Clemence;P. Hebblethwaite
通讯作者：
J. Hampton;T. G. Clemence;P. Hebblethwaite