Updates in Motor Learning: Implications for Physical Therapist Practice and Education.

Updates in Motor Learning: Implications for Physical Therapist Practice and Education.
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DOI:
10.1093/ptj/pzab250
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发表时间:
2022-01-01
期刊:
影响因子:
3.2
通讯作者:
Cherry-Allen KM
Cherry-Allen KM
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Leech KA;Roemmich RT;Gordon J;Reisman DS;Cherry-Allen KM

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在过去的30年里,人类运动学习研究的数量有了巨大的增长。因此,对运动学习(即运动行为的持续变化)的理解已经发展。据了解,有多种机制,通过它发生的运动学习,每一个具有鲜明的特点。这些机制包括使用依赖性、指导性、强化和基于感觉运动适应的运动学习。现在可以理解的是,这些不同的运动学习机制并行或孤立地有助于驱动运动中的期望变化,并且每个机制被认为是由不同的神经基质控制的。这种对运动学习机制的扩展理解对物理治疗具有重要意义。它有可能促进新的,更精确的治疗方法的发展,物理治疗师可以利用这些方法来改善人体运动。这个观点描述了与人类运动学习机制相关的科学进步,并讨论了这项工作对物理治疗师实践和教育的实际影响。
Over the past 3 decades, the volume of human motor learning research has grown enormously. As such, the understanding of motor learning (ie, sustained change in motor behavior) has evolved. It has been learned that there are multiple mechanisms through which motor learning occurs, each with distinctive features. These mechanisms include use-dependent, instructive, reinforcement, and sensorimotor adaptation-based motor learning. It is now understood that these different motor learning mechanisms contribute in parallel or in isolation to drive desired changes in movement, and each mechanism is thought to be governed by distinct neural substrates. This expanded understanding of motor learning mechanisms has important implications for physical therapy. It has the potential to facilitate the development of new, more precise treatment approaches that physical therapists can leverage to improve human movement. This Perspective describes scientific advancements related to human motor learning mechanisms and discusses the practical implications of this work for physical therapist practice and education.
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