Context-dependent encoding in the human auditory brainstem relates to hearing speech in noise: implications for developmental dyslexia.

Context-dependent encoding in the human auditory brainstem relates to hearing speech in noise: implications for developmental dyslexia.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.neuron.2009.10.006
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发表时间:
2009-11-12
期刊:
影响因子:
16.2
通讯作者:
Kraus, Nina
Kraus, Nina
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chandrasekaran, Bharath;Hornickel, Jane;Skoe, Erika;Nicol, Trent;Kraus, Nina

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我们通过测量在重复或可变的语境中出现的语音音节的听觉脑干反应,研究了患有和不患有发育性阅读障碍的儿童对语音的上下文相关编码。典型地,发育中的儿童表现出增强的脑干表征特征,这些特征与重复语境中的音调有关,而不是可变语境。相比之下,患有发育性阅读障碍的儿童在可预测的语境中修改表征的能力受到了损害。从功能的角度来看,我们发现听觉脑干的语境相关编码程度与噪声中言语感知的行为指标呈正相关。锐化重复元素的表示能力对在噪声中的语音感知至关重要,因为它允许对音调进行卓越的“标记”,这是在背景噪声中分离声流的重要线索。这一机制的破坏导致了噪音排除方面的严重缺陷,这是发育性阅读障碍的一个显著症状。
We examined context-dependent encoding of speech in children with and without developmental dyslexia by measuring auditory brainstem responses to a speech syllable presented in a repetitive or variable context. Typically developing children showed enhanced brainstem representation of features related to voice pitch in the repetitive context, relative to the variable context. In contrast, children with developmental dyslexia exhibited impairment in their ability to modify representation in predictable contexts. From a functional perspective, we found that the extent of context-dependent encoding in the auditory brainstem positively correlated with behavioral indices of speech perception in noise. The ability to sharpen representation of repeating elements is crucial to speech perception in noise, since it allows superior ‘tagging’ of voice pitch, an important cue for segregating sound streams in background noise. The disruption of this mechanism contributes to a critical deficit in noise-exclusion, a hallmark symptom in developmental dyslexia.
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