Structure of the shutdown state of myosin-2.

Structure of the shutdown state of myosin-2.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41586-020-2990-5
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发表时间:
2020-12
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Peckham M
Peckham M
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Scarff CA;Carrington G;Casas-Mao D;Chalovich JM;Knight PJ;Ranson NA;Peckham M

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肌球蛋白-2对于细胞分裂和肌肉收缩等多种过程至关重要。其调节轻链(RLC)的去磷酸化促进了非活性的“关闭”状态,其中形成抗体的尾部折叠到两个头部上,防止了细丝形成并使马达失活。这种情况发生的机制尚不清楚。在这里,我们报告了冷冻电镜结构的关机平滑肌肌球蛋白,在头部区域的分辨率为6 μ m。一个伪原子模型,通过灵活的拟合的晶体结构的密度和分子动力学模拟,描述在原子水平上的相互作用界面。一个RLC的N-末端延伸与尾部相互作用,另一个与伴侣头部相互作用,揭示了RLC如何以不同的方式稳定关闭状态,以及它们的磷酸化如何允许肌球蛋白激活。卷曲螺旋的三个片段、马达结构域和LC之间的额外相互作用使关闭分子稳定。每个头部中的杠杆结构能够在激活时产生力。这种关闭结构与所有肌球蛋白-2亚型相关,并为理解其致病突变提供了框架。
Myosin-2 is essential for processes as diverse as cell division and muscle contraction. Dephosphorylation of its regulatory light chain (RLC) promotes an inactive, ‘shutdown’ state with the filament-forming tail folded onto the two heads, preventing filament formation and inactivating the motors. The mechanism by which this happens is obscure. Here we report a cryo-electron microscopy structure of shutdown smooth muscle myosin, with a resolution of 6 Å in the head region. A pseudo-atomic model, obtained by flexible fitting of crystal structures into the density and molecular dynamics simulations, describes interaction interfaces at the atomic level. The N-terminal extension of one RLC interacts with the tail and the other with the partner head, revealing how the RLCs stabilise the shutdown state in different ways and how their phosphorylation would allow myosin activation. Additional interactions between the three segments of the coiled coil, the motor domains and LCs stabilise the shutdown molecule. The structure of the lever in each head is competent to generate force upon activation. This shutdown structure is relevant to all myosin-2 isoforms and provides a framework for understanding their disease-causing mutations.
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