Brief and extended alcohol-cue-exposure effects on craving and attentional bias.
Brief and extended alcohol-cue-exposure effects on craving and attentional bias.
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DOI：
10.1037/pha0000018
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发表时间：
2015-06
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Colwill, Ruth M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ramirez, Jason J.;Monti, Peter M.;Colwill, Ruth M.
过去的研究表明，未成年大学生饮酒者（UCSD）报告说，在酒精暗示暴露后，主观渴望增加，并表现出对酒精的更强的注意力偏差。到目前为止，很少有研究探讨酒精渴望的瞬间减少是否与注意力偏差的减少有关。一个实验操作，已被用来产生会话内减少酒精渴望是延长基于实验室的酒精线索暴露协议的持续时间。本研究的目的是探讨短期和长期的酒精线索暴露对UCSD的主观渴求和注意偏向的影响。80名参与者被随机分配到接受短的体内酒精提示暴露期的组（短暴露组[SE]，两个3分钟的块）或接受长暴露期的组（长暴露组[LE]，六个3分钟的块）。两组在线索暴露前后完成视觉探测任务，以评估注意力偏差的变化。分析显示，没有组间差异的平均渴望或平均注意力偏差之前或之后的线索曝光。此外，探索性分析显示，在我们的渴望或注意力偏差的措施没有性别差异。对于LE组，而不是SE组，在会话内的变化，渴望积极预测在会话内的变化，注意力偏差。然而，进一步的分析显示，这种关系只对LE组的女性参与者有意义。旨在减少渴望或注意力偏差的治疗的影响进行了讨论。
Past research has shown that underage college student drinkers (UCSDs) report increased subjective craving and exhibit stronger attentional biases to alcohol following alcohol cue exposure. To date, less research has examined whether momentary decreases in alcohol craving are associated with reductions in attentional bias. One experimental manipulation that has been used to produce within-session decreases in alcohol craving is to extend the duration of laboratory-based alcohol cue exposure protocols. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of both brief and extended alcohol cue exposure on subjective craving and attentional bias among UCSDs. Eighty participants were randomized either to a group that received a short in vivo alcohol cue exposure period (Group Short Exposure [SE], two 3-min blocks) or to a group that received a long exposure period (Group Long Exposure [LE], six 3-min blocks). Both groups completed a visual probe task before and after cue exposure to assess changes in attentional bias. Analyses revealed no group differences in mean craving or mean attentional bias before or after cue exposure. Further, exploratory analyses revealed no sex differences in our measures of craving or attentional bias. For Group LE, but not Group SE, within-session changes in craving positively predicted within-session changes in attentional bias. However, further analyses revealed that this relationship was significant only for female participants in the LE Group. Implications for treatments that aim to reduce craving or attentional bias are discussed.
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