Conductive hearing loss during development does not appreciably alter the sharpness of cochlear tuning.
Conductive hearing loss during development does not appreciably alter the sharpness of cochlear tuning.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-021-83115-1
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发表时间：
2021-02-17
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Rosen MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ye Y;Ihlefeld A;Rosen MJ
越来越多的研究表明，尽管安静时的调谐曲线正常，但在有背景噪音的情况下，听者往往会出现听力困难。这种困难的一个潜在来源可能是听觉外周（耳朵）的感觉神经变化。在患有发育性传导性听力损失（CHL）的动物中也会出现噪声信号检测缺陷，这是一种诱导声衰减的操作，以模拟声音剥夺如何改变中枢听觉系统。该模型的属性感知赤字中央的变化，假设CHL不影响感觉神经元在周边，可能会提高掩蔽阈值。然而，由于传出反馈，改变听觉系统可能会影响耳蜗元件。事实上，最近的研究表明，成人发作的CHL可导致耳蜗突触丢失，可能会质疑早发性CHL中完整外周的假设。为了解决这个问题，我们通过发育性双侧锤骨移位测试了CHL的长期外周效应。使用前掩蔽调谐曲线，我们比较了与CHL与年龄匹配的对照组动物的外周调谐。使用圆窗复合动作电位测量，我们评估了内毛细胞突触的完整性。结果表明，发育性CHL可引起轻微的突触病。然而，发展CHL不明显改变周边频率调谐。
An increasing number of studies show that listeners often have difficulty hearing in situations with background noise, despite normal tuning curves in quiet. One potential source of this difficulty could be sensorineural changes in the auditory periphery (the ear). Signal in noise detection deficits also arise in animals raised with developmental conductive hearing loss (CHL), a manipulation that induces acoustic attenuation to model how sound deprivation changes the central auditory system. This model attributes perceptual deficits to central changes by assuming that CHL does not affect sensorineural elements in the periphery that could raise masked thresholds. However, because of efferent feedback, altering the auditory system could affect cochlear elements. Indeed, recent studies show that adult-onset CHL can cause cochlear synapse loss, potentially calling into question the assumption of an intact periphery in early-onset CHL. To resolve this issue, we tested the long-term peripheral effects of CHL via developmental bilateral malleus displacement. Using forward masking tuning curves, we compared peripheral tuning in animals raised with CHL vs age-matched controls. Using compound action potential measurements from the round window, we assessed inner hair cell synapse integrity. Results indicate that developmental CHL can cause minor synaptopathy. However, developmental CHL does not appreciably alter peripheral frequency tuning.
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