Natural and artifactual kinds: are children realists or relativists about categories?
Natural and artifactual kinds: are children realists or relativists about categories?
复制标题
自然类型和人工类型：对于类别来说，儿童是现实主义者还是相对主义者？
DOI：
10.1037//0012-1649.34.2.376
复制
发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
C. Kalish
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Kalish
认知发展研究强调了自然种类和人工制品概念之间的重要差异。对这种区别的一种解释是，自然种类是人们发现的类别，而人工种类是发明的。四项研究评估了儿童和成人是否将分类决策视为客观事实或发明的惯例。学龄前儿童将动物和人造物品的基本类别视为客观的。在较高的层面上，各种动物被视为比各种人工制品更为客观。一般来说，成人的判断与儿童的判断相似。儿童和成人对于类别客观性都有可靠且差异化的直觉。这些研究的结果对类别自然性的结构和基于理论的解释的影响进行了讨论。
Research in cognitive development has highlighted important differences between conceptions of natural kinds and artifacts. One interpretation of the distinction is that natural kinds are categories one discovers, whereas artifactual kinds are invented. Four studies assessed whether children and adults saw categorization decisions as objective matters of fact or as invented conventions. Preschool-age children treated basic-level categories of animals and human-made artifacts as objective. At the superordinate level, kinds of animals were treated as more objective than were kinds of artifacts. In general, adults' judgments were similar to children's. Both children and adults have reliable and differentiated intuitions regarding category objectivity. The results from these studies are discussed in terms of their implications for structural and theory-based accounts of category naturalness.
儿童关于社会、身体和逻辑规律的推理：看两个世界。
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Komatsu,LK;Galotti,KM
通讯作者：
Galotti,KM