A scoutRNA Is Required for Some Type V CRISPR-Cas Systems.
A scoutRNA Is Required for Some Type V CRISPR-Cas Systems.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2020.06.022
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发表时间:
2020-08-06
期刊:
影响因子:
16
通讯作者:
Doudna JA
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Harrington LB;Ma E;Chen JS;Witte IP;Gertz D;Paez-Espino D;Al-Shayeb B;Kyrpides NC;Burstein D;Banfield JF;Doudna JA
CRISPR-Cas12c/d proteins share limited homology with Cas12a and Cas9 bacterial CRISPR RNA (crRNA)-guided nucleases used widely for genome editing and DNA detection. However, Cas12c (C2c3)- and Cas12d (CasY)-catalyzed DNA cleavage and genome editing activities have not been directly observed. We show here that a short-complementarity untranslated RNA (scoutRNA), together with crRNA, is required for Cas12d-catalyzed DNA cutting. The scoutRNA differs in secondary structure from previously described tracrRNAs used by CRISPR-Cas9 and some Cas12 enzymes, and in Cas12d-containing systems, scoutRNA includes a conserved five-nucleotide sequence that is essential for activity. In addition to supporting crRNA-directed DNA recognition, biochemical and cell-based experiments establish scoutRNA as an essential cofactor for Cas12c-catalyzed pre-crRNA maturation. These results define scoutRNA as a third type of transcript encoded by a subset of CRISPR-Cas genomic loci and explain how Cas12c/d systems avoid requirements for host factors including Ribonuclease III for bacterial RNA-mediated adaptive immunity. Harrington & Ma et al. define scoutRNA as a new class of noncoding RNA that is required for CRISPR-Cas12c/d systems. The scoutRNA assembles with Cas12c/d enzymes and together with CRISPR RNA, enables RNA-guided DNA binding and cutting.
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