Phylodynamics of deer tick virus in North America.
Phylodynamics of deer tick virus in North America.
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蜱及其携带的病原体的负担在世界范围内不断增加。Powassan病毒（POWV;黄病毒科：黄病毒）是唯一已知的北美蜱传黄病毒，由于POWV脑炎的病例增加和严重的发病率而特别令人关注。在这里，我们使用一种多方面的方法来评估出现的II POWV谱系，被称为鹿蜱病毒（DTV），在北美部分地区的人类病例发生。我们从美国东北部20个地点中的8个检测到了DTV阳性蜱，平均感染率为1.4%.84个POWV和DTV样本的高深度全基因组测序使我们能够评估地理和时间的蜱虫动态。我们观察到美国东北部的稳定感染和区域内和区域间的地理扩散模式。贝叶斯天际线分析表明，在过去的50年里，数字电视人口的扩张。这与有记录的肩胛硬蜱种群扩张一致，并表明随着媒介传播，人类接触的风险增加。最后，我们在细胞培养中分离出16种新病毒，并证明了传代后有限的遗传变化，这是未来研究这种新兴病毒的宝贵资源。
The burden of ticks and the pathogens they carry is increasing worldwide. Powassan virus (POWV; Flaviviridae: Flavivirus), the only known North American tick-borne flavivirus, is of particular concern due to rising cases and the severe morbidity of POWV encephalitis. Here, we use a multifaceted approach to evaluate the emergence of the II POWV lineage, known as deer tick virus (DTV), in parts of North America where human cases occur. We detected DTV-positive ticks from eight of twenty locations in the Northeast USA with an average infection rate of 1.4 per cent. High-depth, whole-genome sequencing of eighty-four POWV and DTV samples allowed us to assess geographic and temporal phylodynamics. We observed both stable infection in the Northeast USA and patterns of geographic dispersal within and between regions. A Bayesian skyline analysis demonstrated DTV population expansion over the last 50 years. This is concordant with the documented expansion of Ixodes scapularis tick populations and suggests an increasing risk of human exposure as the vector spreads. Finally, we isolated sixteen novel viruses in cell culture and demonstrated limited genetic change after passage, a valuable resource for future studies investigating this emerging virus.
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影响因子：
48
作者：
Langmead, Ben;Salzberg, Steven L.
通讯作者：
Salzberg, Steven L.
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Nofchissey, Robert A.;Deardorff, Eleanor R.;Magnarelli, Louis A.
通讯作者：
Magnarelli, Louis A.
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Nguyen LT;Schmidt HA;von Haeseler A;Minh BQ
通讯作者：
Minh BQ
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Bondaryuk AN;Peretolchina TE;Romanova EV;Yudinceva AV;Andaev EI;Bukin YS
通讯作者：
Bukin YS
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Ebel, GD;Foppa, I;Telford, SR
通讯作者：
Telford, SR