Legitimacy and the Discursive Space Based on Salmon as a Collective Memory: A Case of the Mattole Watershed in California
Legitimacy and the Discursive Space Based on Salmon as a Collective Memory: A Case of the Mattole Watershed in California
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基于鲑鱼作为集体记忆的合法性与话语空间：以加州马托尔流域为例
DOI：
10.1111/ijjs.12004
复制
发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Mayumi Fukunaga
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
中島弘二;棟方哲弥;瀬戸口明久;Mayumi Fukunaga;福永真弓;瀬戸口明久;Mayumi Fukunaga
本文旨在分析马托尔流域的人们是如何通过构建鲑鱼作为集体记忆的过程，为自己管理当地自然资源赋予合法性的。多年来，欧洲和北美的主要自然保护运动1都接受了这样一种观念，即未受破坏的“荒野”代表了自然的理想。同样，许多其他国家和多边机构在西方影响下推行的自然保护计划也效仿并采用了这种自然形象。然而，在20世纪80年代，这些西方领导的保护计划的问题开始引起关注，特别是来自发展中国家的研究人员，活动家和当地居民。首先，这些计划通常忽视了当地资源使用者和居住在自然资源附近并在历史上使用过自然资源的居民的存在，并使这些利益相关者远离了与资源利用和获取有关的决策和政策制定过程。此外，由于这些计划将荒野作为他们的理想，他们实际上剥夺了居民获得当地自然资源或利用这些资源维持生计的权利，在某些情况下甚至导致强行搬迁和重新安置。
This paper aims to analyze how people involved in the Mattole watershed were able to give legitimacy to themselves for managing local natural resources through the process of constructing salmon as a collective memory.For many years, leading nature conservation movements in Europe and North America1 embraced the notion that untouched “wilderness” represented the ideal of nature in its proper form. Likewise, the nature conservation programs that many other countries and multilateral institutions pursued under Western influence followed suit and adopted this image of nature. However, in the 1980s, issues with these Western-led programs of conservation began to draw attention, particularly from researchers, activists, and local residents in the developing world. For one, the programs typically disregarded the existence of the local resource users and residents that lived near and historically utilized the natural resources, and alienated these stakeholders from the decisionmaking and policy-making processes concerned with resource utilization and access. Further, because these programs embraced the idea of wilderness as their ideal, they effectively deprived inhabitants of their rights of access to local natural resources or of utilizing those resources for their livelihoods, and in some cases even resulted in the forcible removal and relo-
“自然”在保护运动中的意义
DOI：
10.4057/jsr.47.461
发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
R. Seki
通讯作者：
R. Seki
社会学与记忆
DOI：
10.4057/jsr.56.727
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
S. Urano
通讯作者：
S. Urano