Structure and dynamics of a processive Brownian motor: the translating ribosome.

Structure and dynamics of a processive Brownian motor: the translating ribosome.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-biochem-060408-173330
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发表时间:
2010
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Gonzalez RL Jr
Gonzalez RL Jr
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Frank J;Gonzalez RL Jr

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There is mounting evidence indicating that protein synthesis is driven and regulated by mechanisms that direct stochastic, large-scale conformational fluctuations of the translational apparatus. This mechanistic paradigm implies that a free-energy landscape governs the conformational states that are accessible to and sampled by the translating ribosome. This scenario presents interdependent opportunities and challenges for structural and dynamic studies of protein synthesis. Indeed, the synergism between cryogenic electron microscopic and X-ray crystallographic structural studies, on the one hand, and single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) dynamic studies, on the other, is emerging as a powerful means for investigating the complex free-energy landscape of the translating ribosome and uncovering the mechanisms that direct the stochastic conformational fluctuations of the translational machinery. In this review, we highlight the principal insights obtained from cryogenic electron microscopic, X-ray crystallographic, and smFRET studies of the elongation stage of protein synthesis and outline the emerging themes, questions, and challenges that lie ahead in mechanistic studies of translation.
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