Size‐associated energetic constraints on the seasonal onset of reproduction in a species with indeterminate growth
Size‐associated energetic constraints on the seasonal onset of reproduction in a species with indeterminate growth
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生长不确定的物种中，与体型相关的能量对繁殖季节开始的限制
DOI：
10.1111/oik.09739
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Wiegmann, Daniel D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Laroche, Robert A.;Weinersmith, Kelly L.;Davis, Mazie L.;Angeloni, Lisa;Baylis, Jeffrey R.;Newman, Steven P.;Egan, Scott P.;Wiegmann, Daniel D.
在许多系统中，繁殖的季节性开始受到首先积累能量储备的需要的限制。因此，观察到较大的个体繁殖较早可能是由于大小和群体特定的基础代谢率之间的负关系，这种关系在不同的类群中共享。然而，这一假说的一个未经检验的预测是，个体的新陈代谢效率应该足够高，以避免超过一定体型阈值的能量限制。季节性繁殖的物种，如温带鱼类，必须在繁殖前恢复冬季的能量损失，并表现出不确定的生长，是检验这一预测的理想模型。我们利用长达十年的亲本雄性小口鱼的行为数据，研究能量异速生长对繁殖时机差异的贡献。在种群一级，季节性繁殖高峰期(即每年在巢中发现卵的中位数)与繁殖前的度数--衡量所经历的热能--呈负相关。在个体水平上，雄性在生殖前积累的度数与每年的雄性大小和状况有关，但大多数年份温度对最大雄性生殖时机的影响较小。此外，我们使用我们的数据复制了之前两项关于FM的研究的分析。研究发现，男性的体型与生殖前累积的度数之间存在几乎相同的负相关关系。我们的结果表明，在小口鱼中，季节性繁殖的开始受到基础代谢率的限制--如总长度所示--而大型个体可以逃避与大小相关的能量限制。与以前的研究相比，我们揭示了大小和生殖时机之间更复杂的关系，这可能与许多物种有关。了解这种关系对于理解气候变化将如何影响经济、生态和娱乐等重要物种的种群动态至关重要。多洛缪。
The seasonal onset of reproduction is constrained in many systems by a need to first accumulate energetic reserves. Consequently, the observation that larger individuals reproduce earlier may be due to a negative relationship between size and mass‐specific basal metabolic rate that is shared across diverse taxa. However, an untested prediction of this hypothesis is that individuals should be metabolically efficient enough to escape energetic constraints above a certain size threshold. Seasonally reproducing species, such as temperate fishes, that must recover winter energy losses before reproduction and exhibit indeterminate growth are ideal models to test this prediction. We harness decade‐long behavioral data on parental male smallmouth bass,Micropterus dolomieu, to investigate contributions of energetic allometry to differences in reproductive timing. At the population level, peak seasonal reproductive timing (i.e. the median date on which eggs were found in nests each year) was negatively related to degree days – a measure of thermal energy experienced – before reproduction. At the individual level, degree days accumulated by males before reproduction was related to male size and condition in every year, but the impact of temperature on reproductive timing by the largest males was relaxed in most years. Additionally, we used our data to replicate the analyses of two previous studies ofM. dolomieupopulations and found virtually identical negative associations between male body size and degree days accumulated before reproduction. Our results suggest that in smallmouth bass the onset of seasonal reproduction is constrained by basal metabolic rate – as indicated by total length – and that large individuals can escape size‐associated energetic constraints. We reveal a more complicated relationship between size and reproductive timing than earlier studies, which may be relevant for many species. Knowledge of this relationship is critical to understanding how a changing climate will influence population dynamics of economically, ecologically and recreationally important species likeM. dolomieu.
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