Bayes-Like Integration of a New Sensory Skill with Vision

Bayes-Like Integration of a New Sensory Skill with Vision
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新感官技能与视觉的贝叶斯式整合

DOI:
10.1101/232579
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发表时间:
2017
期刊:
--
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Negen J
Negen J
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Negen J

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人类在处理嘈杂的、随机的信息方面非常有效。这方面的一个特点是线索组合:组合两个独立的噪声感官估计,以提高精确度,超出最佳的单一估计-。令人惊讶的是,这直到10-12岁才能实现--尽管其他多感官技能在婴儿时期就出现了。目前还不清楚这种在10-12岁之前缺乏整合的原因是由于成熟还是对特定线索的经验。《体验》栏目预测,学习新线索的成年人将在很多年内无法将它们结合在一起。相比之下,我们在这里展示了成年人迅速将一种类似于人类回声定位的新颖音频线索与视觉结合在一起。在两个小时的训练后,使用新的回声线索判断距离,回声天真的受试者在给出两个线索一起比最好的单一线索时更准确。这种能力也转移到了那些训练有素的刺激和可靠性水平上,表明学习超越了简单的决定规则和特定的刺激。这些结果表明,随着人类的成熟,他们会发展出通用的线索组合能力。人们能够立即将新的信号整合到现有的曲目中,这一发现进一步表明,人们对取代或增强人类感官的前景持乐观态度。
Humans are highly effective at dealing with noisy, probabilistic information,. One hallmark of this is Cue Combination: combining two independent noisy sensory estimates to increase precision beyond the best single estimate-. Surprisingly, this is not achieved until 10-12 years of age-despite other multisensory skills appearing in infancy-. It is unclear if this lack of integration before 10-12 years of age is due to maturation or experience with specific cues. The “experience” account predicts that adults learning new cues would fail to combine them for many years . Here we show, in contrast, that adults rapidly combine a novel audio cue akin to human echolocation-with vision. Following two hours of training to judge distance using the novel echo cue, echo-naïve subjects were more precise given both cues together versus the best single cue. This ability also transferred to stimuli and reliability levels beyond those trained, showing learning beyond a simple decision rule with specific stimuli . These results indicate that humans develop general-purpose cue combination abilities as they mature. The discovery of people’s ability to immediately integrate new signals into their existing repertoire further suggests an optimistic outlook on substituting or augmenting human senses.
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