Towards measuring reactivity on micro-to-millisecond timescales with laser pump, NMR probe spectroscopy.

Towards measuring reactivity on micro-to-millisecond timescales with laser pump, NMR probe spectroscopy.
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利用激光泵、核磁共振探针光谱测量微到毫秒时间尺度的反应性。

DOI:
10.1039/c9fd00039a
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Halse ME
Halse ME
中科院分区:
化学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Halse ME

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我们提出了一个定量分析的反应性的时间尺度,可访问的激光泵,核磁共振探针光谱法使用仲氢诱导极化(PHIP),并确定三个动力学制度:快,中间和慢。这些状态由与δω相比的相对反应速率k来定义,δ ω是与在泵-探测延迟期间添加仲氢(p-H2)之后产生的超极化1H NMR信号的相干演化相关联的NMR信号振荡的频率。动力学机制由NMR退相参数ε = δω/k定量定义。对于快速区域,其中k ∈ δω和ε趋于零,观察到的NMR信号不受系统的化学演化的影响,因此只能确定k的上限。在慢态中,其中k ∈ δω和ε趋于无穷大,相消干涉导致相干NMR信号强度振荡的完全失相。因此,在泵浦-探测延迟期间观察到的NMR信号演化仅反映系统的化学变化和NMR弛豫。最后,在中间状态(其中k δω)中,预测了核磁共振信号振荡的特征部分失相。在退相参数小但不为零的极限中,化学演化本身表现为等于退相参数的NMR信号振荡中的相移。由于这种相移预计将持续泵-探测延迟比产物分子形成的时间尺度长得多,因此它提供了一种通过NMR检测在微米至毫秒时间尺度上测量反应性的途径。我们预测,可获得的反应时间尺度的最重要的基本限制是NMR激发脉冲的持续时间(101 μs)和产物分子中p-H2衍生质子之间的化学位移差(Hz)。
We present a quantitative analysis of the timescales of reactivity that are accessible to a laser pump, NMR probe spectroscopy method using para-hydrogen induced polarisation (PHIP) and identify three kinetic regimes: fast, intermediate and slow. These regimes are defined by the relative rate of reaction, k, compared to δω, the frequency of the NMR signal oscillations associated with the coherent evolution of the hyperpolarised 1H NMR signals created after para-hydrogen (p-H2) addition during the pump-probe delay. The kinetic regimes are quantitatively defined by a NMR dephasing parameter, ε = δω/k. For the fast regime, where k ≫ δω and ε tends to zero, the observed NMR signals are not affected by the chemical evolution of the system and so only an upper bound on k can be determined. In the slow regime, where k ≪ δω and ε tends to infinity, destructive interference leads to the complete dephasing of the coherent NMR signal intensity oscillations. As a result, the observed NMR signal evolution during the pump-probe delay reflects only the chemical change of the system and NMR relaxation. Finally, in the intermediate regime, where k ∼ δω, characteristic partial dephasing of the NMR signal oscillations is predicted. In the limit where the dephasing parameter is small but non-zero, chemical evolution manifests itself as a phase shift in the NMR signal oscillation that is equal to the dephasing parameter. As this phase shift is predicted to persist for pump-probe delays much longer than the timescale of the formation of the product molecules, it provides a route to measure reactivity on micro-to-millisecond timescales through NMR detection. We predict that the most significant fundamental limitations of the accessible reaction timescales are the duration of the NMR excitation pulse (∼1 μs) and the chemical shift difference (in Hz) between the p-H2-derived protons in the product molecule.
通过循环流系统进行温度跳跃实时核磁共振监测蛋白质折叠动力学。
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