Polymers and Solvents Used in Membrane Fabrication: A Review Focusing on Sustainable Membrane Development.

Polymers and Solvents Used in Membrane Fabrication: A Review Focusing on Sustainable Membrane Development.
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DOI:
10.3390/membranes11050309
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发表时间:
2021-04-23
期刊:
影响因子:
4.2
通讯作者:
Escobar IC
Escobar IC
中科院分区:
工程技术4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dong X;Lu D;Harris TAL;Escobar IC

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(1) 已采用不同的方法来制造聚合物膜,其中非溶剂诱导相分离(NIPS)是最广泛使用的方法之一。在 NIPS 中,需要溶剂或溶剂混合物来溶解聚合物或聚合物混合物。 N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)、二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)、二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和其他石油衍生溶剂通常用于溶解一些石油基聚合物。然而,这些成分可能对环境和人类健康产生负面影响。因此,使用更环保、毒性更低的成分对于提高膜制造的可持续性具有重要意义。膜的化学结构不受不同溶剂、聚合物的使用或制造规模的差异的影响。另一方面,由于不同溶剂/共溶剂扩散到非溶剂中的扩散速率的差异以及蒸发时间的差异,膜孔结构和表面粗糙度会发生变化。 (2) 因此,在本次审查中,建议用更环保/毒性较小的替代品来取代膜制造过程中涉及的溶剂和聚合物。还研究了扩大绿色聚合物膜制造规模的方法和可行性。
(1) Different methods have been applied to fabricate polymeric membranes with non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) being one of the mostly widely used. In NIPS, a solvent or solvent blend is required to dissolve a polymer or polymer blend. N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethylacetamide (DMAc), dimethylformamide (DMF) and other petroleum-derived solvents are commonly used to dissolve some petroleum-based polymers. However, these components may have negative impacts on the environment and human health. Therefore, using greener and less toxic components is of great interest for increasing membrane fabrication sustainability. The chemical structure of membranes is not affected by the use of different solvents, polymers, or by the differences in fabrication scale. On the other hand, membrane pore structures and surface roughness can change due to differences in diffusion rates associated with different solvents/co-solvents diffusing into the non-solvent and with differences in evaporation time. (2) Therefore, in this review, solvents and polymers involved in the manufacturing process of membranes are proposed to be replaced by greener/less toxic alternatives. The methods and feasibility of scaling up green polymeric membrane manufacturing are also examined.
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