How does attachment imagery for paranoia work? Cognitive fusion and beliefs about self and others mediate the impact on paranoia and anxiety.
How does attachment imagery for paranoia work? Cognitive fusion and beliefs about self and others mediate the impact on paranoia and anxiety.
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偏执狂的依恋意象如何发挥作用？
DOI：
10.1111/papt.12354
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sood M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sood M
偏执狂描述了毫无根据的和令人痛苦的人际威胁信念。安全依恋意象已被证明可以减轻非临床和临床群体中的偏执和焦虑，但对焦虑和回避意象的差异效应或变化机制知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们测试了安全，焦虑和回避型依恋意象对偏执，焦虑和寻求帮助意图的影响。我们还研究了假设的变化机制，特别是认知融合和消极的自我和其他信念是否介导了这些关系。DesignThis study used an experimental，cross-sectional design.MethodsA large（N= 303），international general population sample with high levels of non-clinical paranoia completed a series of measures before and after engaging in secure，anxious，结果相对于焦虑型和回避型依恋意象，安全型依恋意象减少了偏执和焦虑，增加了寻求帮助的意愿。认知融合和消极的自我和其他信念介导的影响，依恋意象对偏执和焦虑，但不help-seeking.ConclusionsIn符合附件和认知理论，安全的依恋意象是有效的，减少偏执和焦虑，并通过减少认知融合和消极的自我和其他信念的作品。这些新的发现表明，安全意象任务可以纳入认知和行为疗法，以减少令人痛苦的人际威胁信念和相关的负面影响，并增加寻求帮助的意图。安全依恋意象可能有效地减少状态偏执和焦虑，并提高寻求帮助的意图。依恋意象通过影响对自我的信念，其他人，以及人们与他们的信仰融合的程度。在临床实践中，意象任务的基本原理与偏执狂的心理模型非常吻合，安全意象任务可以被引入作为一种科普方式，当人们与关于自我和他人的痛苦信念作斗争时，以及被这些恐惧所压倒时。
ObjectivesParanoia describes unfounded and distressing interpersonal threat beliefs. Secure attachment imagery has been shown to attenuate paranoia and anxiety in non‐clinical and clinical groups, but little is known about the differential effects of anxious and avoidant imagery or mechanisms of change. In this study, we tested the impact of secure, anxious, and avoidant attachment imagery on paranoia, anxiety, and help‐seeking intentions. We also examined hypothesized mechanisms of change, specifically whether cognitive fusion and negative self‐ and other‐beliefs mediate these relationships.DesignThis study utilized an experimental, cross‐sectional design.MethodsA large (N= 303), international general population sample with high levels of non‐clinical paranoia completed a series of measures before and after engaging in secure, anxious, or avoidant imagery.ResultsRelative to anxious and avoidant attachment imagery, secure attachment imagery reduced paranoia and anxiety and increased help‐seeking intentions. Cognitive fusion and negative self‐ and other‐beliefs mediated the impact of attachment imagery on paranoia and anxiety, but not help‐seeking.ConclusionsIn line with attachment and cognitive theory, secure attachment imagery is effective in reducing paranoia and anxiety and works by reducing cognitive fusion and negative self‐ and other‐beliefs. These novel findings suggest that the secure imagery task could be incorporated into cognitive and behavioural therapies to reduce distressing interpersonal threat beliefs and associated negative affect, and increase help‐seeking intentions.Practitioner pointsWhen working with people experiencing paranoia, secure attachment imagery may be effective in reducing state paranoia and anxiety and improving help‐seeking intentions.Attachment imagery works by influencing beliefs about self and others, and the degree to which people are fused with their beliefs. In clinical practice, the rationale for the imagery task fits well with psychological models of paranoia and the secure imagery task can be introduced as a way to cope when struggling with distressing beliefs about self and others, and feeling overwhelmed by these fears.
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
1970
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
C. Spielberger;R. Gorsuch;R. Lushene
通讯作者：
C. Spielberger;R. Gorsuch;R. Lushene
影响因子：
5
作者：
Bardeen, Joseph R.;Fergus, Thomas A.
通讯作者：
Fergus, Thomas A.
影响因子：
12.6
作者：
Cesario, Joseph
通讯作者：
Cesario, Joseph
依恋不安全感与偏执狂连续体经历之间的关系：荟萃分析。
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Regina Murphy;K. Goodall;A. Woodrow
通讯作者：
A. Woodrow
不安全的依恋预示着偏执倾向，但不是幻觉
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
L. Pickering;J. Simpson;R. Bentall
通讯作者：
R. Bentall