Aggregation of Disordered Proteins Associated with Neurodegeneration.

Aggregation of Disordered Proteins Associated with Neurodegeneration.
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DOI:
10.3390/ijms24043380
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发表时间:
2023-02-08
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学2区
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蛋白质聚集体的细胞沉积是神经变性的标志之一,其破坏细胞功能并导致神经元死亡。突变、翻译后修饰和截短是导致聚集的异常蛋白质构象形成的常见分子基础。参与神经变性的主要蛋白质包括阿尔茨海默病中的淀粉样蛋白β(Aβ)和tau、帕金森病中的α-突触核蛋白和肌萎缩侧索硬化症(ALS)中的TAR DNA结合蛋白(TDP-43)。这些蛋白质被描述为本质上无序的,并且具有增强的分配到生物分子凝聚物中的能力。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了蛋白质错误折叠和聚集在神经退行性疾病中的作用,特别强调了上述四种蛋白质的初级/次级(突变,翻译后修饰和截短)和四级/超分子(寡聚化和缩合)结构景观变化的影响。了解这些聚集机制可以深入了解神经退行性疾病及其常见的潜在分子病理学。
Cellular deposition of protein aggregates, one of the hallmarks of neurodegeneration, disrupts cellular functions and leads to neuronal death. Mutations, posttranslational modifications, and truncations are common molecular underpinnings in the formation of aberrant protein conformations that seed aggregation. The major proteins involved in neurodegeneration include amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau in Alzheimer’s disease, α-synuclein in Parkinson’s disease, and TAR DNA-binding protein (TDP-43) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). These proteins are described as intrinsically disordered and possess enhanced ability to partition into biomolecular condensates. In this review, we discuss the role of protein misfolding and aggregation in neurodegenerative diseases, specifically highlighting implications of changes to the primary/secondary (mutations, posttranslational modifications, and truncations) and the quaternary/supramolecular (oligomerization and condensation) structural landscapes for the four aforementioned proteins. Understanding these aggregation mechanisms provides insights into neurodegenerative diseases and their common underlying molecular pathology.
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