"Greedy Organs Hypothesis" for sugar and salt in the pathophysiology of non-communicable diseases in relation to sodium-glucose co-transporters in the intestines and the kidney.
"Greedy Organs Hypothesis" for sugar and salt in the pathophysiology of non-communicable diseases in relation to sodium-glucose co-transporters in the intestines and the kidney.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.metop.2022.100169
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发表时间：
2022-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tanaka M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Itoh H;Tanaka M
Deposition of visceral fat and insulin resistance play central role in the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) including obesity, hypertension and type 2 diabetes. However, we shed more light upon the intestines and the kidney as a strong driver of NCDs. Based upon unexpected outcomes of clinical trials using sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) 2 inhibitors to demonstrate their actions for not only body weight reduction and blood glucose fall but also remarkable cardiorenal protection, we speculate that hyperfunction of the intestines and the kidney is one of critical contributing factors for initiation of NCDs. By detecting high amount of glucose and sodium chloride around them by sweet/salt taste sensors, the intestines and the kidney are designed to (re)absorb these nutrients by up-regulating SGLT1 or SGLT2. We designate these hyperfunctioning organs for nutrient uptake as “greedy organs”. The greedy organs can induce NCDs (“greedy organ hypothesis”). SGLTs are regulated by glucose and sodium chloride, and SGLTs or other genes can be “greedy genes.” Regulating factors for greedy organs are renin-angiotensin system, renal sympathetic nervous activity, gut inflammation/microbiota or oxidative stress. Mitigation of organ greediness by SGLT2 inhibitors, ketone bodies, bariatric surgery, and regular lifestyle to keep rhythmicity of biological clock are promising. We propose the concept of “Greedy Organs” hypothesis as a possible cause of NCDs. Clinical implication of greedy kidney is supported by the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors. The significance of greedy intestines is suggested by the effect of bariatric surgery. The intestines and kidney become hyperactive through upregulation of SGLT1 or 2. To mitigate “greedy organs” should be a promising strategy against NCDs.
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影响因子：
29
作者：
Hatori M;Vollmers C;Zarrinpar A;DiTacchio L;Bushong EA;Gill S;Leblanc M;Chaix A;Joens M;Fitzpatrick JA;Ellisman MH;Panda S
通讯作者：
Panda S
影响因子：
29
作者：
Baud, Gregory;Daoudi, Mehdi;Pattou, Francois
通讯作者：
Pattou, Francois
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
HECK, GL;MIERSON, S;DESIMONE, JA
通讯作者：
DESIMONE, JA
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Gueguen, Cindy;Burke, Sandra L.;Head, Geoffrey A.
通讯作者：
Head, Geoffrey A.
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
de la Cuesta-Zuluaga, Jacobo;Mueller, Noel T.;Escobar, Juan S.
通讯作者：
Escobar, Juan S.