Oleanolic Acid: Extraction, Characterization and Biological Activity.
Oleanolic Acid: Extraction, Characterization and Biological Activity.
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DOI：
10.3390/nu14030623
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发表时间：
2022-01-31
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Perona JS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Castellano JM;Ramos-Romero S;Perona JS
油酸是一种五环三萜类化合物，广泛存在于植物界，由于其对多种疾病的生物活性而受到科学界的极大关注。油酸具有广泛的生物活性，通过复杂和多因素机制具有治疗潜力。有证据表明，油酸可能通过增强胰岛素反应、保护β细胞的功能和存活以及预防糖尿病并发症而有效对抗血脂异常、糖尿病和代谢综合征。此外，已经提出了几种其他功能，包括抗病毒、抗HIV、抗细菌、抗真菌、抗癌、抗炎、保肝、护胃、降血脂和抗动脉粥样硬化活性，以及干扰不同类型癌症发展的几个阶段;然而，由于其疏水性质，油酸几乎不溶于水，这导致了许多增强其生物制药性质的方法。在此背景下，本文综述了近年来国内外对油酸的提取、表征、生物活性及其作用机制的研究进展。
Oleanolic acid, a pentacyclic triterpenoid ubiquitously present in the plant kingdom, is receiving outstanding attention from the scientific community due to its biological activity against multiple diseases. Oleanolic acid is endowed with a wide range of biological activities with therapeutic potential by means of complex and multifactorial mechanisms. There is evidence suggesting that oleanolic acid might be effective against dyslipidemia, diabetes and metabolic syndrome, through enhancing insulin response, preserving the functionality and survival of β-cells and protecting against diabetes complications. In addition, several other functions have been proposed, including antiviral, anti-HIV, antibacterial, antifungal, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, gastroprotective, hypolipidemic and anti-atherosclerotic activities, as well as interfering in several stages of the development of different types of cancer; however, due to its hydrophobic nature, oleanolic acid is almost insoluble in water, which has led to a number of approaches to enhance its biopharmaceutical properties. In this scenario, the present review aimed to summarize the current knowledge and the research progress made in the last years on the extraction and characterization of oleanolic acid and its biological activities and the underlying mechanisms of action.
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