Lyra 2: Designing Interactive Visualizations by Demonstration

Lyra 2: Designing Interactive Visualizations by Demonstration
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Lyra 2:通过演示设计交互式可视化

DOI:
10.1109/tvcg.2020.3030367
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Satyanarayan, Arvind
Satyanarayan, Arvind
中科院分区:
计算机科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zong, Jonathan;Barnwal, Dhiraj;Neogy, Rupayan;Satyanarayan, Arvind

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最近的图形界面提供了用于创作可视化的直接操作机制,但在很大程度上仅限于静态输出。要创作交互式可视化,用户必须转向文本规范,但这种方法会带来更高的技术负担。为了弥补这一差距,我们引入了Lyra 2,这是一个系统,它用新颖的方法扩展了以前的可视化设计环境,通过演示来创作交互技术。用户直接在他们正在编辑的可视化上执行交互(例如,按钮点击、拖动或按键)。该系统使用一组启发式方法来解释这种性能,并列举可能的交互设计的建议。这些试探法考虑了交互(例如,目标和事件类型)以及可视化(例如,标记和比例类型以及多个视图)的属性。交互设计建议显示为缩略图;用户可以预览和测试这些建议,通过其他演示反复优化它们,最后通过属性检查器应用和自定义它们。我们通过一系列不同的例子来评估我们的方法,并通过首次使用研究和对其认知维度的分析来评估其可用性。我们发现,在Lyra 2中,演示的交互设计使用户能够快速表达广泛的交互可视化。
Recent graphical interfaces offer direct manipulation mechanisms for authoring visualizations, but are largely restricted to static output. To author interactive visualizations, users must instead turn to textual specification, but such approaches impose a higher technical burden. To bridge this gap, we introduce Lyra 2, a system that extends a prior visualization design environment with novel methods for authoring interaction techniques by demonstration. Users perform an interaction (e.g., button clicks, drags, or key presses) directly on the visualization they are editing. The system interprets this performance using a set of heuristics and enumerates suggestions of possible interaction designs. These heuristics account for the properties of the interaction (e.g., target and event type) as well as the visualization (e.g., mark and scale types, and multiple views). Interaction design suggestions are displayed as thumbnails; users can preview and test these suggestions, iteratively refine them through additional demonstrations, and finally apply and customize them via property inspectors. We evaluate our approach through a gallery of diverse examples, and evaluate its usability through a first-use study and via an analysis of its cognitive dimensions. We find that, in Lyra 2, interaction design by demonstration enables users to rapidly express a wide range of interactive visualizations.
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