Chemoprevention of Second Cancers
Chemoprevention of Second Cancers
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第二种癌症的化学预防
DOI：
10.1158/1055-9965.epi-06-0415
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
B. Cartmel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Mayne;B. Cartmel
背景资料：“继发性癌症”可以被认为是两大类：（a）由于癌症治疗而发生的癌症和（B）被认为主要由于先前的生活习惯（例如，慢性吸烟、饮酒、阳光照射）、遗传易感性或两者的相互作用。由于治疗相关的继发性癌症的化学预防工作有限，本次小型审查将重点关注与生活方式/遗传起源有关的继发性癌症的化学预防。方法/结果：旨在预防烟草相关癌症（头颈癌、肺癌）、皮肤癌、乳腺癌和结直肠腺瘤性息肉患者的第二次癌症的试验已经取得了一定的成功。然而，已经出现的一个发现是，在几个癌症部位中，发现亚组对化学预防剂有不同的反应。例如，吸烟状况、饮酒、营养状况和宿主肿瘤特征似乎改变了化学预防功效。分层特异性（亚组）结果可能是偶然发生的，需要从药物的观察性流行病学研究（如可用）、机制研究或其他相关试验结果中获得支持性证据。结论：虽然已经实现了第二种癌症的化学预防，但越来越明显的是，并非所有人都能平等受益。在已完成的试验中发现亚组效应，导致需要在未来试验的设计中考虑此类亚组效应，通过将招募限制在特定亚组（例如，从不吸烟者或曾经吸烟者），或通过增加样本量要求，以统计学上有效的方式允许亚组中反应的变化。（癌症流行病学生物标志物Prev 2006;15（11）：2033-7）
Background: “Second cancers” can be thought of in two general categories: (a) those occurring as a consequence of cancer treatment and (b) primary cancers that are thought to develop largely as a consequence of prior lifestyle habits (e.g., chronic smoking, drinking, sun exposures), genetic susceptibility, or interactions of the two. Because there has been limited work on chemoprevention of treatment-related secondary cancers, this minireview will focus on chemoprevention of second cancers with lifestyle/genetic origins. Methods/Results: Trials aimed at preventing second cancers in patients with tobacco-related cancers (head and neck, lung), skin cancers, breast cancer, and colorectal adenomatous polyps have been completed with some success. However, one finding that has emerged is that, across several cancer sites, subgroups are found with differential response to the chemopreventive agent. For example, smoking status, alcohol consumption, nutritional status, and host tumor characteristics seem to modify chemopreventive efficacy. Stratum-specific (subgroup) findings may occur by chance, requiring a need for supportive evidence from observational epidemiologic studies of the agent (where available), mechanistic studies, or results of other related trials. Conclusions: Although chemoprevention of second cancers has been realized, it has become increasingly apparent that not all benefit equally. The finding of subgroup effects in completed trials results in the need to consider such subgroup effects in the design of future trials, by either restricting enrollment to particular subgroups (e.g., never or former smokers), or by increasing sample size requirements to allow for variation in response in subgroups in a statistically powerful way. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006;15(11):2033–7)
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DOI：
10.1093/jnci/djg110
发表时间：
2003-12-03
期刊：
JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
影响因子：
--
作者：
Grau, MV;Baron, JA;Heber, D
通讯作者：
Heber, D
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1999-10
期刊：
Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. Chan;M. Stampfer;Jing Ma;E. Rimm;W. Willett;E. Giovannucci
通讯作者：
J. Chan;M. Stampfer;Jing Ma;E. Rimm;W. Willett;E. Giovannucci
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
Romond, EH;Perez, EA;Wolmark, N
通讯作者：
Wolmark, N
DOI：
10.1093/jnci/90.6.440
发表时间：
1998-03-18
期刊：
JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
影响因子：
--
作者：
Heinonen, OP;Albanes, D;Edwards, BK
通讯作者：
Edwards, BK
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
Omenn, GS;Goodman, GE;Hammar, S
通讯作者：
Hammar, S