The replication fork: understanding the eukaryotic replication machinery and the challenges to genome duplication.

The replication fork: understanding the eukaryotic replication machinery and the challenges to genome duplication.
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DOI:
10.3390/genes4010001
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发表时间:
2013-03-01
期刊:
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Noguchi E
Noguchi E
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Leman AR;Noguchi E

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真核细胞必须在细胞周期的每一轮中准确而高效地复制它们的基因组。多条线性染色体、丰富的调控元件和染色体包装都是真核DNA复制机制必须成功克服的挑战。复制机制,即“复制体”复合体,由许多具有支持DNA聚合酶复制功能的特殊蛋白质组成。有效的复制体进程依赖于复制体的各种因素之间的紧密协调。此外,复制体的进展必须发生在不太理想的模板上,在不同的基因组位置。在这里,我们描述了主要复制体组分的功能,以及复制体所面临的有效DNA复制的一些障碍。总而言之,这篇综述总结了目前对复制真核DNA这一极其复杂的任务的理解。
Eukaryotic cells must accurately and efficiently duplicate their genomes during each round of the cell cycle. Multiple linear chromosomes, an abundance of regulatory elements, and chromosome packaging are all challenges that the eukaryotic DNA replication machinery must successfully overcome. The replication machinery, the “replisome” complex, is composed of many specialized proteins with functions in supporting replication by DNA polymerases. Efficient replisome progression relies on tight coordination between the various factors of the replisome. Further, replisome progression must occur on less than ideal templates at various genomic loci. Here, we describe the functions of the major replisome components, as well as some of the obstacles to efficient DNA replication that the replisome confronts. Together, this review summarizes current understanding of the vastly complicated task of replicating eukaryotic DNA.
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