The PUB4 E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Is Responsible for the Variegated Phenotype Observed upon Alteration of Chloroplast Protein Homeostasis in Arabidopsis Cotyledons.
The PUB4 E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Is Responsible for the Variegated Phenotype Observed upon Alteration of Chloroplast Protein Homeostasis in Arabidopsis Cotyledons.
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DOI：
10.3390/genes12091387
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发表时间：
2021-09-06
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Tadini L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jeran N;Rotasperti L;Frabetti G;Calabritto A;Pesaresi P;Tadini L
在植物的整个生命周期中，质体经历了几次改造，从未分化的原生质体到具有光合作用活性的叶绿体、叶绿体、有色体或储存细胞器，如淀粉体、弹性体和蛋白体。叶绿体蛋白质组重排和蛋白质动态平衡以及细胞内的通讯途径是正确的叶绿体分化和功能的关键因素。当叶绿体的发育受到影响时，异常的细胞器会被降解，并在涉及到叶绿体蛋白泛素化的过程中被回收利用。在这项研究中，我们分析了拟南芥Gun1-102 ftsh5-3双突变体，它既缺乏参与叶绿体到核通讯的叶绿体定位蛋白GUN1(基因组解偶联1)，也缺乏参与光系统修复和叶绿体生物发生的金属蛋白酶FTSH5(丝状温度敏感H5)。Gun1-102 ftsh5-3幼苗显示出斑驳的子叶和真叶，我们试图通过导入涉及以下几个基因的第二位点突变来抑制这些子叶和真叶：(I)叶绿体翻译，(Ii)叶绿体折叠/输入和(Iii)胞质蛋白泛素化。在相应的三个突变体中观察到了不同的表型效应，从幼苗致死到部分或完全抑制杂色表型。我们的发现表明，植物U-Box 4(PUB4)E3泛素连接酶在受损叶绿体的靶向降解中发挥着重要作用，也是Gun1-102 ftsh5-3幼苗表现多样化的主要原因。
During a plant’s life cycle, plastids undergo several modifications, from undifferentiated pro-plastids to either photosynthetically-active chloroplasts, ezioplasts, chromoplasts or storage organelles, such as amyloplasts, elaioplasts and proteinoplasts. Plastid proteome rearrangements and protein homeostasis, together with intracellular communication pathways, are key factors for correct plastid differentiation and functioning. When plastid development is affected, aberrant organelles are degraded and recycled in a process that involves plastid protein ubiquitination. In this study, we have analysed the Arabidopsis gun1-102 ftsh5-3 double mutant, lacking both the plastid-located protein GUN1 (Genomes Uncoupled 1), involved in plastid-to-nucleus communication, and the chloroplast-located FTSH5 (Filamentous temperature-sensitive H5), a metalloprotease with a role in photosystem repair and chloroplast biogenesis. gun1-102 ftsh5-3 seedlings show variegated cotyledons and true leaves that we attempted to suppress by introgressing second-site mutations in genes involved in: (i) plastid translation, (ii) plastid folding/import and (iii) cytosolic protein ubiquitination. Different phenotypic effects, ranging from seedling-lethality to partial or complete suppression of the variegated phenotype, were observed in the corresponding triple mutants. Our findings indicate that Plant U-Box 4 (PUB4) E3 ubiquitin ligase plays a major role in the target degradation of damaged chloroplasts and is the main contributor to the variegated phenotype observed in gun1-102 ftsh5-3 seedlings.
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