The metabolic checkpoint kinase mTOR is essential for IL-15 signaling during the development and activation of NK cells.

The metabolic checkpoint kinase mTOR is essential for IL-15 signaling during the development and activation of NK cells.
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DOI:
10.1038/ni.2936
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发表时间:
2014-08
期刊:
影响因子:
30.5
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学1区
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白介素15(IL-15)控制自然杀伤(NK)细胞的动态平衡和外周活化。这种作用的二元性的分子基础仍然未知。在这里,我们报道代谢检查点激酶mTOR被激活,并在NK细胞暴露于高浓度的IL-15时促进生物能量代谢,而低剂量的IL-15仅触发转录因子STAT5的磷酸化。MTOR刺激NK细胞的生长和营养吸收,并正反馈给IL-15受体。这一过程对于NK细胞在发育过程中的增殖以及在炎症或病毒感染时获得细胞溶解能力是至关重要的。MTORC1抑制剂雷帕霉素抑制小鼠和人的NK细胞杀伤活性,这可能是该药在不同临床环境下具有免疫抑制活性的原因之一。
Interleukin-15 (IL-15) controls both the homeostasis and the peripheral activation of Natural Killer (NK) cells. The molecular basis for this duality of action remains unknown. Here we report that the metabolic checkpoint kinase mTOR is activated and boosts bioenergetic metabolism upon NK cell exposure to high concentrations of IL-15 whereas low doses of IL-15 only triggers the phosphorylation of the transcription factor STAT5. mTOR stimulates NK cell growth and nutrient uptake and positively feeds back onto the IL-15 receptor. This process is essential to sustain NK cell proliferation during development and acquisition of cytolytic potential upon inflammation or virus infection. The mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin inhibits NK cell cytotoxicity both in mouse and human, which likely contribute to the immunosuppressant activities of this drug in different clinical settings.
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