ER stress signalling through eIF2α and CHOP, but not IRE1α, attenuates adipogenesis in mice.

ER stress signalling through eIF2α and CHOP, but not IRE1α, attenuates adipogenesis in mice.
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DOI:
10.1007/s00125-012-2809-5
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发表时间:
2013-04
期刊:
影响因子:
8.2
通讯作者:
Kaufman, R. J.
Kaufman, R. J.
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Han, J.;Murthy, R.;Wood, B.;Song, B.;Wang, S.;Sun, B.;Malhi, H.;Kaufman, R. J.

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尽管肥胖与脂肪组织中内质网 (ER) 应激和未折叠蛋白反应 (UPR) 的激活有关,但尚不清楚 UPR 信号如何影响脂肪生成。为了测试脂肪生成是否需要蛋白激酶 RNA 样 ER 激酶/真核起始因子 2 α (PERK/eIF2α) 或肌醇需求酶 1 α/X-box 结合蛋白 1 (IRE1α/XBP1) 的信号传导,我们研究了 UPR 信号传导在小鼠体外和体内脂肪细胞分化中的作用。使用 3T3-L1 细胞和原代小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞 (MEF),通过激活或抑制 PERK 介导的 eIF2α 和 IRE1α 介导的 Xbp1 mRNA 剪接磷酸化,研究 UPR 信号在脂肪生成中的作用。在喂食对照或高脂肪饮食(HFD)的野生型和基因工程小鼠中测量体重变化、脂肪质量成分以及脂肪细胞数量和大小。 ER 应激抑制 3T3-L1 细胞中的脂肪细胞分化。受损的 eIF2α 磷酸化增强了 MEF 以及小鼠的脂肪细胞分化。相反,增加的 eIF2α 磷酸化减少了 3T3-L1 细胞中的脂肪细胞分化。强制产生 CCAAT/增强子结合蛋白 (C/EBP) 同源蛋白 (CHOP)(eIF2α 磷酸化的下游靶标)可抑制 3T3-L1 细胞中的脂肪生成。缺失 Chop(也称为 Ddit3)(Chop−/−)的小鼠比服用 HFD 的野生型小鼠获得了更多的脂肪量。此外,遗传性肥胖 Leprdb/db 小鼠中的 Chop 缺失增加了体脂肪量,但不改变脂肪细胞大小。与 eIF2α-CHOP 途径相反,Ire1a(也称为 Ern1)的激活或缺失不会改变 3T3-L1 细胞中的脂肪细胞分化。这些结果表明,eIF2α-CHOP 抑制小鼠体内脂肪生成并限制脂肪量的扩张,使该途径成为潜在的治疗靶点。
Although obesity is associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in adipose tissue, it is not known how UPR signalling affects adipogenesis. To test whether signalling through protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase/eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha (PERK/eIF2α) or inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha/X-box binding protein 1(IRE1α/XBP1) is required for adipogenesis, we studied the role of UPR signalling in adipocyte differentiation in vitro and in vivo in mice. The role of UPR signalling in adipogenesis was investigated using 3T3-L1 cells and primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) by activation or inhibition of PERK-mediated phosphorylation of the eIF2α- and IRE1α-mediated splicing of Xbp1 mRNA. Body weight change, fat mass composition and adipocyte number and size were measured in wild-type and genetically engineered mice fed a control or high-fat diet (HFD). ER stress repressed adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells. Impaired eIF2α phosphorylation enhanced adipocyte differentiation in MEFs, as well as in mice. In contrast, increased eIF2α phosphorylation reduced adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells. Forced production of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) homologous protein (CHOP), a downstream target of eIF2α phosphorylation, inhibited adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. Mice with deletion of Chop (also known as Ddit3) (Chop−/−) gained more fat mass than wild-type mice on HFD. In addition, Chop deletion in genetically obese Leprdb/db mice increased body fat mass without altering adipocyte size. In contrast to the eIF2α–CHOP pathway, activation or deletion of Ire1a (also known as Ern1) did not alter adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells. These results demonstrate that eIF2α–CHOP suppresses adipogenesis and limits expansion of fat mass in vivo in mice, rendering this pathway a potential therapeutic target.
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