Endogenous Hemoprotein-Dependent Signaling Pathways of Nitric Oxide and Nitrite.

Endogenous Hemoprotein-Dependent Signaling Pathways of Nitric Oxide and Nitrite.
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DOI:
10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01048
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发表时间:
2021-11-01
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Gladwin, Mark T.
Gladwin, Mark T.
中科院分区:
化学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dent, Matthew R.;DeMartino, Anthony W.;Tejero, Jesus;Gladwin, Mark T.

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化学、生理学和生物医学交叉学科的跨学科研究揭示了一氧化氮 (NO) 作为信号分子的关键作用,可调节血管张力、血小板聚集以及与人类健康和疾病相关的其他途径。血红素是生理性 NO 信号传导的核心,是一氧化氮合酶 (NOS) 中典型 NO 生物合成的活性位点,也是可溶性鸟苷酸环化酶受体中高度选择性的 NO 结合位点。在主要的 NOS 依赖性生物合成途径之外,其他血红蛋白(包括血红蛋白和肌红蛋白)通过亚硝酸盐还原生成 NO。这种辅助血红素反应解锁了 NO 信号传导的“第二轴”,其中亚硝酸盐充当稳定的 NO 储存库。在这篇论坛文章中,我们重点介绍了这些 NO 依赖性生理途径,并研究了体内控制 NO 和亚硝酸盐信号传导的复杂化学和生化反应。我们重点研究在亚硝酸盐存在下生成和消耗 NO 的血红素依赖性反应途径,并考虑中间氮氧化物,包括 NO2、N2O3 和 S-亚硝基硫醇,它们可能促进血管和组织中基于亚硝酸盐的信号传导。我们还讨论了新兴的治疗策略,这些策略利用我们对这些关键反应途径的理解来靶向 NO 信号传导并治疗多种疾病。
Interdisciplinary research at the interface of chemistry, physiology, and biomedicine have uncovered pivotal roles of nitric oxide (NO) as a signaling molecule that regulates vascular tone, platelet aggregation, and other pathways relevant to human health and disease. Heme is central to physiological NO signaling, serving as the active site for canonical NO biosynthesis in nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzymes and as the highly selective NO binding site in the soluble guanylyl cyclase receptor. Outside of the primary NOS-dependent biosynthetic pathway, other hemoproteins, including hemoglobin and myoglobin, generate NO via the reduction of nitrite. This auxiliary hemoprotein reaction unlocks a “second axis” of NO signaling in which nitrite serves as a stable NO reservoir. In this Forum Article, we highlight these NO-dependent physiological pathways and examine complex chemical and biochemical reactions that govern NO and nitrite signaling in vivo. We focus on hemoprotein-dependent reaction pathways that generate and consume NO in the presence of nitrite and consider intermediate nitrogen oxides, including NO2, N2O3, and S-nitrosothiols, that may facilitate nitrite-based signaling in blood vessels and tissues. We also discuss emergent therapeutic strategies that leverage our understanding of these key reaction pathways to target NO signaling and treat a wide range of diseases.
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