Zinc Inhibits Hedgehog Autoprocessing

Zinc Inhibits Hedgehog Autoprocessing
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锌抑制刺猬自动加工

DOI:
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Chunyu Wang
Chunyu Wang
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jian Xie;Timothy S. Owen;Ke Xia;Ajay V. Singh;E. Tou;Lingyun Li;Brigitte L. Arduini;Hongmin Li;L. Wan;B. Callahan;Chunyu Wang

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背景:在许多类型的癌症中,锌缺乏和Hedgehog(Hh)配体过度产生并存。结果:锌与Hedgehog内含肽(Hint)结构域的活性位点结合,在体外和细胞培养中抑制Hh配体的产生。结论:锌影响Hh的自动加工。意义:这项研究揭示了锌和Hh信号通路之间的一种新的机制联系。锌是一种具有广泛生物学功能的必需微量元素,而Hedgehog(Hh)信号通路在发育和疾病中起着至关重要的作用。在这里,我们表明,有一个锌和Hh信号之间的机械联系。Hh信号传导的上游激活剂Hh配体来源于Hh自动加工,其将Hh前体蛋白转化为Hh配体。在体外Hh自动加工试验中,我们发现锌抑制Hh自动加工,Ki为2 μm。然后,我们证明,锌抑制Hh的自动加工在细胞环境中的实验在原代大鼠星形胶质细胞培养。溶液NMR表明,锌结合的Hh自动加工域的活性位点残基,以抑制自动加工,和等温滴定量热法提供的结合的热力学。在正常生理学中,锌可能作为Hh自加工的负调节剂,并抑制Hh配体和Hh信号的产生。在许多疾病中,锌缺乏和Hh配体水平升高共存,包括前列腺癌、肺癌、卵巢癌和自闭症。我们的数据表明,锌缺乏和Hh配体的过度生产之间的因果关系。
Background: In many types of cancers zinc deficiency and overproduction of Hedgehog (Hh) ligand co-exist. Results: Zinc binds to the active site of the Hedgehog-intein (Hint) domain and inhibits Hh ligand production both in vitro and in cell culture. Conclusion: Zinc influences the Hh autoprocessing. Significance: This study uncovers a novel mechanistic link between zinc and the Hh signaling pathway. Zinc is an essential trace element with wide-ranging biological functions, whereas the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway plays crucial roles in both development and disease. Here we show that there is a mechanistic link between zinc and Hh signaling. The upstream activator of Hh signaling, the Hh ligand, originates from Hh autoprocessing, which converts the Hh precursor protein to the Hh ligand. In an in vitro Hh autoprocessing assay we show that zinc inhibits Hh autoprocessing with a Ki of 2 μm. We then demonstrate that zinc inhibits Hh autoprocessing in a cellular environment with experiments in primary rat astrocyte culture. Solution NMR reveals that zinc binds the active site residues of the Hh autoprocessing domain to inhibit autoprocessing, and isothermal titration calorimetry provided the thermodynamics of the binding. In normal physiology, zinc likely acts as a negative regulator of Hh autoprocessing and inhibits the generation of Hh ligand and Hh signaling. In many diseases, zinc deficiency and elevated level of Hh ligand co-exist, including prostate cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, and autism. Our data suggest a causal relationship between zinc deficiency and the overproduction of Hh ligand.
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