To nucleate or not, that is the question in neurons.
To nucleate or not, that is the question in neurons.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135806
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发表时间：
2021-04-23
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Rolls MM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weiner AT;Thyagarajan P;Shen Y;Rolls MM
微管是神经元的结构中心，从细胞体到轴突和树突的远端以重叠的阵列延伸。它们还作为动力蛋白和动力蛋白马达介导的长距离运输的轨道。转录和大多数翻译都发生在细胞体中，新制造的货物必须从这个合成部位运送到轴突和树突中的功能部位。这种对运输的持续需求意味着微管阵列在动物的一生中必须存在于整个细胞中而没有缝隙。在许多动物中，神经元中存在的相对较长、稳定的微管使这项任务变得稍微容易一些。然而，即使是稳定的神经元微管也有动态的末端，单个微管通常持续几个小时，而它们周围的神经元则持续一生。因此，新的微管的诞生是维持神经元微管阵列所必需的。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了轴突和树突中新的微管的成核，包括它们是如何成核的以及在哪里成核的。此外，越来越清楚的是，神经元微管成核受到高度调控，意外的机制影响着成核位置在空间和时间上是活跃还是不活跃的决定。
Microtubules are the structural center of neurons, stretching in overlapping arrays from the cell body to the far reaches of axons and dendrites. They also act as the tracks for long-range transport mediated by dynein and kinesin motors. Transcription and most translation take place in the cell body, and newly made cargoes must be shipped from this site of synthesis to sites of function in axons and dendrites. This constant demand for transport means that the microtubule array must be present without gaps throughout the cell over the lifetime of the animal. This task is made slightly easier in many animals by the relatively long, stable microtubules present in neurons. However, even stable neuronal microtubules have ends that are dynamic, and individual microtubules typically last on the order of hours, while the neurons around them last a lifetime. “Birth” of new microtubules is therefore required to maintain the neuronal microtubule array. In this review we discuss the nucleation of new microtubules in axons and dendrites, including how and where they are nucleated. In addition, it is becoming clear that neuronal microtubule nucleation is highly regulated, with unexpected machinery impinging on the decision of whether nucleation sites are active or inactive through space and time.
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影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Chen L;Nye DM;Stone MC;Weiner AT;Gheres KW;Xiong X;Collins CA;Rolls MM
通讯作者：
Rolls MM
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1404133111
发表时间：
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影响因子：
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