γ-Butyrobetaine is a proatherogenic intermediate in gut microbial metabolism of L-carnitine to TMAO.
γ-Butyrobetaine is a proatherogenic intermediate in gut microbial metabolism of L-carnitine to TMAO.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cmet.2014.10.006
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发表时间:
2014-11-04
期刊:
影响因子:
29
通讯作者:
Hazen SL
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Koeth RA;Levison BS;Culley MK;Buffa JA;Wang Z;Gregory JC;Org E;Wu Y;Li L;Smith JD;Tang WHW;DiDonato JA;Lusis AJ;Hazen SL
L- Carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, was recently reported to accelerate atherosclerosis via a metaorganismal pathway involving gut microbial trimethylamine (TMA) formation and host hepatic conversion into trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO). Herein we show that following L-carnitine ingestion, γ-butyrobetaine (γBB) is produced as an intermediary metabolite by gut microbes at a site anatomically proximal to and at a rate ~1000-fold higher than the formation of TMA. Moreover, we show γBB is the major gut microbial metabolite formed from dietary L-carnitine in mice, and like dietary L-carnitine, in a gut microbiota-dependent manner is converted into TMA and TMAO, and accelerates atherosclerosis. Gut microbial composition and functional metabolic studies reveal distinct taxa are associated with the production of γBB versus TMA/TMAO from dietary L-carnitine. Moreover, despite their close structural similarity, chronic dietary exposure to L-carnitine versus γBB promotes development of functionally distinct microbial communities optimized for the metabolism of L-carnitine versus γBB, respectively.
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影响因子:
37.8
作者:
Micha R;Wallace SK;Mozaffarian D
通讯作者:
Mozaffarian D
DOI:
10.1126/science.1198719
发表时间:
2011-05-20
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
作者:
Muegge BD;Kuczynski J;Knights D;Clemente JC;González A;Fontana L;Henrissat B;Knight R;Gordon JI
通讯作者:
Gordon JI
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.0504978102
发表时间:
2005-08-02
影响因子:
11.1
作者:
Ley, RE;Bäckhed, F;Gordon, JI
通讯作者:
Gordon, JI
影响因子:
37.8
作者:
Bernstein AM;Sun Q;Hu FB;Stampfer MJ;Manson JE;Willett WC
通讯作者:
Willett WC
影响因子:
82.9
作者:
Koeth RA;Wang Z;Levison BS;Buffa JA;Org E;Sheehy BT;Britt EB;Fu X;Wu Y;Li L;Smith JD;DiDonato JA;Chen J;Li H;Wu GD;Lewis JD;Warrier M;Brown JM;Krauss RM;Tang WH;Bushman FD;Lusis AJ;Hazen SL
通讯作者:
Hazen SL