Synthesis of methylphosphonic acid by marine microbes: a source for methane in the aerobic ocean.

Synthesis of methylphosphonic acid by marine microbes: a source for methane in the aerobic ocean.
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海洋微生物合成甲基膦酸:有氧海洋中甲烷的来源。

DOI:
10.1126/science.1219875
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发表时间:
2012-08-31
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
van der Donk WA
van der Donk WA
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Metcalf WW;Griffin BM;Cicchillo RM;Gao J;Janga SC;Cooke HA;Circello BT;Evans BS;Martens-Habbena W;Stahl DA;van der Donk WA

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相对于大气,大部分有氧海洋的甲烷含量处于过饱和状态。然而,这种重要的温室气体的来源仍然是个谜。有人提出,缺磷的海洋微生物对甲基膦酸的分解代谢,并伴随着甲烷的释放,可以解释这种现象,但甲基膦酸并不是一种已知的天然产物,也没有在自然系统中检测到。此外,从已知的天然产物合成它需要未知的生物化学。在这里,我们表明海洋古菌 Nitrosopumilus maritimus 编码甲基膦酸酯生物合成的途径,并产生细胞相关的甲基膦酸酯。宏基因组数据集中该途径中关键基因的丰度表明甲基膦酸生物合成在海洋微生物中相对常见,这为甲烷悖论提供了合理的解释。
Relative to the atmosphere, much of the aerobic ocean is supersaturated with methane; however, the source of this important greenhouse gas remains enigmatic. Catabolism of methylphosphonic acid by phosphorus-starved marine microbes, with concomitant release of methane, has been suggested to explain this phenomenon, yet methylphosphonate is not a known natural product, nor has it been detected in natural systems. Further, its synthesis from known natural products would require unknown biochemistry. Here we show that the marine archaeon Nitrosopumilus maritimus encodes a pathway for methylphosphonate biosynthesis and that it produces cell-associated methylphosphonate esters. The abundance of a key gene in this pathway in metagenomic datasets suggests that methylphosphonate biosynthesis is relatively common in marine microbes, providing a plausible explanation for the methane paradox.
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