Intersecting epidemics--crack cocaine use and HIV infection among inner-city young adults. Multicenter Crack Cocaine and HIV Infection Study Team.
Intersecting epidemics--crack cocaine use and HIV infection among inner-city young adults. Multicenter Crack Cocaine and HIV Infection Study Team.
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交叉流行病——破解内城年轻人中的可卡因使用和艾滋病毒感染问题。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1994
影响因子：
158.5
通讯作者：
S. Holmberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Edlin;K. Irwin;S. Faruque;C. Mccoy;C. Word;Y. Serrano;J. Inciardi;B. Bowser;R. Schilling;S. Holmberg
背景与方法
吸食“快克”可卡因被认为与高风险性行为相关，这种行为加速了人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的传播。我们研究了2323名18到29岁的年轻人，他们要么经常吸食快克，要么从未吸食过。这些研究对象是从纽约、迈阿密和旧金山的市中心街区招募的，他们接受了访谈并进行了HIV检测。本报告呈现了1967名（85%）从未注射过毒品的参与者的研究结果。
结果
在1137名吸食快克的人中，15.7%的人HIV抗体呈阳性，相比之下，830名不吸食者中这一比例为5.2%（根据城市调整后的患病率比值为2.4；99%置信区间为1.7到3.6）。在纽约（29.6%）和迈阿密（23.0%）吸食快克的女性中，HIV的患病率最高。在283名以性换取金钱或毒品的女性中，30.4%感染了HIV，相比之下，其他286名女性中这一比例为9.1%（患病率比值为3.1；99%置信区间为1.9到5.1）；在91名与其他男性发生肛交的男性中，42.9%感染了HIV，相比之下，582名未与其他男性发生肛交的男性中这一比例为9.3%（患病率比值为4.7；99%置信区间为3.0到7.4）。在多变量分析中，与不吸食快克的人相比，这些高风险性行为导致了吸食快克者中HIV感染率更高。近期以性换取金钱或毒品且未采取保护措施的女性与与男性发生性行为的男性感染的可能性相同（40.9%对42.9%）。
结论
在贫困的市中心社区，年轻的快克可卡因吸食者，尤其是以性换取金钱或毒品的女性，感染HIV的风险很高。吸食快克促进了HIV的异性传播。
BACKGROUND AND METHODS
The smoking of "crack" cocaine is thought to be associated with high-risk sexual practices that accelerate the spread of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We studied 2323 young adults, 18 to 29 years of age, who smoked crack regularly or who had never smoked crack. The study participants, recruited from the streets of inner-city neighborhoods in New York, Miami, and San Francisco, were interviewed and tested for HIV. This report presents the findings for the 1967 participants (85 percent) who had never injected drugs.
RESULTS
Of the 1137 crack smokers, 15.7 percent were positive for HIV antibody, as compared with 5.2 percent of the 830 nonsmokers (prevalence ratio adjusted for the city, 2.4; 99 percent confidence interval, 1.7 to 3.6). The prevalence of HIV was highest among the crack-smoking women in New York (29.6 percent) and Miami (23.0 percent). Of the 283 women who had sex in exchange for money or drugs, 30.4 percent were infected with HIV as compared with 9.1 percent of the 286 other women (prevalence ratio, 3.1; 99 percent confidence interval, 1.9 to 5.1); of the 91 men who had anal sex with other men, 42.9 percent were infected with HIV as compared with 9.3 percent of the 582 men who did not have anal sex with other men (prevalence ratio, 4.7; 99 percent confidence interval, 3.0 to 7.4). In multivariable analyses, these high-risk sexual practices accounted for the higher prevalence of HIV infection among the crack smokers, as compared with those who did not smoke crack. Women who had recently had unprotected sex in exchange for money or drugs were as likely to be infected as men who had had sex with men (40.9 percent vs. 42.9 percent).
CONCLUSIONS
In poor, inner-city communities young smokers of crack cocaine, particularly women who have sex in exchange for money or drugs, are at high risk for HIV infection. Crack use promotes the heterosexual transmission of HIV.
基于杆状病毒表达的糖蛋白 G 的检测单纯疱疹病毒特异性抗体的评估。
DOI：
10.1093/infdis/164.6.1196
发表时间：
1991
期刊：
The Journal of infectious diseases
影响因子：
--
作者：
Sánchez-Martínez,D;Schmid,DS;Whittington,W;Brown,D;Reeves,WC;Chatterjee,S;Whitley,RJ;Pellett,PE
通讯作者：
Pellett,PE
裂纹和艾滋病：民族志印象。
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Bowser,BP
通讯作者：
Bowser,BP