Multiple pathways to long-lasting phrenic motor facilitation.

Multiple pathways to long-lasting phrenic motor facilitation.
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DOI:
10.1007/978-1-4419-5692-7_45
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发表时间:
2010
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Mitchell, Gordon S.
Mitchell, Gordon S.
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dale-Nagle, Erica A.;Hoffman, Michael S.;MacFarlane, Peter M.;Mitchell, Gordon S.

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可塑性是神经系统的标志,包括控制呼吸的神经系统。尽管它的生物学和潜在的临床意义,我们的理解机制,引起任何形式的呼吸可塑性仍然是不完整的。在这里,我们讨论了最近的进展,我们的理解引起膈长期促进(pLTF),长期持续增加膈运动输出急性间歇性缺氧(AIH)引起的细胞机制。最近,我们已经认识到,多个,不同的机制是能够产生持久的膈运动促进(PMF),我们使用PMF作为一个通用术语,包括AIH诱导的pLTF。重要的是要开始欣赏和理解这些不同的途径。因此,我们引入了一个命名的基础上上游步骤的信号级联导致PMF。这里有两个途径:“Q”和“S”途径,命名是因为它们分别由与Gq和Gs蛋白偶联的代谢型受体诱导。这些途径似乎以复杂而有趣的方式相互作用,从而在面对不断变化的生理条件或疾病发作时提供一系列潜在的反应。
Plasticity is a hallmark of neural systems, including the neural system controlling breathing. Despite its biological and potential clinical significance, our understanding of mechanisms giving rise to any form of respiratory plasticity remains incomplete. Here we discuss recent advances in our understanding of cellular mechanisms giving rise to phrenic long-term facilitation (pLTF), a long-lasting increase in phrenic motor output induced by acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH). Recently, we have come to realize that multiple, distinct mechanisms are capable of giving rise to long-lasting phrenic motor facilitation (PMF); we use PMF as a general term that includes AIH-induced pLTF. It is important to begin an appreciation and understanding of these diverse pathways. Hence, we introduce a nomenclature based on upstream steps in the signaling cascade leading to PMF. Two pathways are featured here: the “Q” and the “S” pathways, named because they are induced by metabotropic receptors coupled to Gq and Gs proteins, respectively. These pathways appear to interact in complex and interesting ways, thus providing a range of potential responses in the face of changing physiological conditions or the onset of disease.
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